关键词: 先天畸形, 孕妇, 药物

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the effect of medication during pregnancy on neonatal congenital malformation of body surface.Methods　From July to December 2013，multi stage stratified random sampling method was adopted.According to the proportion of urban and rural areas,the population density and birth rate,women of childbearing aged between 15 and 49 who were pregnant during 2010 to 2013 in Shaanxi province,were selected as study subjects.A face to face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the basic information of respondents,medication during pregnancy,pregnancy outcomes.The respondents’ survived children underwent physical examination to confirm the type of malformation.For children who were not alive,investigation and evidence collection were carried out to verify the malformation diagnosis.Multivariable Poisson regression was conducted to analyse the risk factors of neonatal congenital malformation of body surface.Results　The study included 29 121 cases,newborn 29 482 cases,and 318 cases（107.86/10 000） with neonatal congenital malformation of body surface were found.The top 10 types of the congenital malformation of body surface were hemangioma（75 cases）,deformity of external（45 cases）,inguinal hernia（32 cases）,polydactyly（23 cases）,cleft lip and palate（13 cases）,cleft lip（11 cases）,cryptorchidism（10 cases）,hernia（9 cases）,blepharoptosis（7 cases）,and cleft palate（6 cases）.The univariate analysis results showed that,there were significant differences in incidence of neonatal congenital malformation of body surface among women with different place of residence,education level,occupation,average household monthly income and status of family history of birth defects in newborns（P<0.05）.The incidence of neonatal congenital malformation of body surface among children whose mother took cold medicine,antibiotics,tocolytic drugs,antitussives,antipyretic analgesics and other drugs during pregnancy was significantly higher than that among children whose mother did not take the above drugs（P<0.05）.The multivariable Poisson regression showed that,taking cold medicine〔OR=1.640,95%CI（1.037，2.593）〕,antibiotics 〔OR=1.701,95%CI（1.125，2.572）〕,tocolytic agents〔OR=3.954,95%CI（1.858，8.418）〕,antitussives 〔OR=3.736,95%CI（1.955，7.141）〕,antipyretic analgesics〔OR=2.858,95%CI（1.060，7.708）〕 and other drugs 〔OR=4.118,95%CI（2.351，7.215）〕during pregnancy were the risk factors for occurrence of neonatal congenital malformation of body surface（P<0.05）.Conclusion　Taking cold medicine,antibiotics,tocolytic agents,antitussives,and antipyretic analgesics during pregnancy can improve the risk of neonatal congenital malformation of body surface.

Key words: Congenital abnormalities, Pregnant women, Drugs