中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (34): 4269-4276.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0247

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

1990—2019年中国鼻咽癌发病与死亡的趋势及预测研究

朱文鹏1, 韩梦琦1, 王雨欣1, 王国平2,*()   

  1. 1.241002 安徽省芜湖市,皖南医学院公共卫生学院
    2.241002 安徽省芜湖市,皖南医学院人文与管理学院
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-28 修回日期:2023-07-06 出版日期:2023-12-05 发布日期:2023-07-31
  • 通讯作者: 王国平

  • 作者贡献:朱文鹏负责文章整体构思与设计、数据收集与处理、文章撰写与修改;韩梦琦负责部分数据处理核对,提出文章修改意见;王雨欣负责提出文章修改意见;王国平负责文章质量的控制和监督。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽高校科学研究项目(SK2019ZD19)

Trends and Projections of Incidence and Mortality of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in China from 1990 to 2019

ZHU Wenpeng1, HAN Mengqi1, WANG Yuxin1, WANG Guoping2,*()   

  1. 1. School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
    2. School of Humanities and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
  • Received:2023-04-28 Revised:2023-07-06 Published:2023-12-05 Online:2023-07-31
  • Contact: WANG Guoping

摘要: 背景 2020年中国鼻咽癌新发病例6.2万例,占全世界鼻咽癌病例比例约为80%。分析鼻咽癌的发病与死亡的趋势并预测其未来20年的变化,可为鼻咽癌的防治提供一定价值的科学依据。 目的 评估中国居民鼻咽癌发病率和死亡率的趋势,并探讨年龄、时期、队列对鼻咽癌发病和死亡风险的影响。 方法 于2022年12月—2023年1月从2019年全球疾病负担数据库中提取中国鼻咽癌发病率和死亡率的数据,使用Joinpoint回归模型分析1990—2019年中国鼻咽癌发病率和死亡率的变化趋势,使用年龄-时期-队列模型来分析影响中国鼻咽癌发病和死亡风险的年龄效应、时期效应和队列效应。使用R软件BAPC包预测中国未来20年鼻咽癌的发病率、死亡率。 结果 1990—2019年中国居民鼻咽癌发病率整体呈上升趋势(AAPC=1.82,P<0.01),死亡率整体呈下降趋势(AAPC=-2.45,P<0.01)。鼻咽癌发病和死亡风险总体上随年龄的增加而增加(男性RR值为0.09~2.24、0.10~4.43,女性分别为0.13~1.84、0.12~4.44),但在55岁以后鼻咽癌发病风险有所降低(男性RR值为2.24~2.99,女性为1.84~2.33);随年份推移,鼻咽癌发病风险增大(RR值男性为0.61~1.81、女性为0.84~1.33),女性鼻咽癌死亡风险降低(RR值为0.79~1.42),男性鼻咽癌死亡风险在2005年后有所增加(RR值为0.95~0.99);出生越晚的人群,鼻咽癌发病和死亡风险越低(男性RR为0.57~3.47、0.12~3.49,女性为0.31~2.64、0.19~2.46)。预测结果显示,未来20年中国鼻咽癌发病率仍会上升,预测2039年男性鼻咽癌发病率为21.32/105、女性为4.95/105;未来20年中国鼻咽癌死亡率会下降,预测2039年男性鼻咽癌死亡率为1.88/105、女性为0.53/105。 结论 1990—2019年中国居民鼻咽癌发病率呈上升趋势、死亡率呈下降趋势;鼻咽癌的发病风险方面,年龄效应和时期效应占主导地位;鼻咽癌的死亡风险方面,年龄效应占主导地位;预测未来20年中国鼻咽癌的发病率仍会上升、死亡率会下降。

关键词: 鼻咽癌, 疾病负担, 发病率, 死亡率, 年龄-时期-队列模型

Abstract:

Background

In 2020, there were 62 000 new cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in China, accounting for about 80% of the NPC cases worldwide. Analysis of the trend and projection of the incidence and mortality of NPC can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of NPC.

Objective

To evaluate the trend of incidence and mortality of NPC in Chinese residents, and explore the effects of age, period and cohort on the risk of incidence and death of NPC.

Methods

From December 2022 to January 2023, data on the ASIR (age standardized incidence rate) and ASMR (age standardized mortality rate) of NPC in China were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trends in ASIR and ASMR of NPC in China from 1990 to 2019. The age-period-cohort model was used to analyze the age effect, period effect and cohort effect affecting the risk of incidence and death of NPC in China. The ASIR and ASMR of NPC in China in the next 20 years were predicted using the R BAPC package.

Results

There was an overall increasing trend in ASIR of NPC (AAPC=1.82, P<0.01) and decreasing trend in ASMR of NPC (AAPC=-2.45, P<0.01) among Chinese residents from 1990 to 2019. The overall risk of incidence and death of NPC generally increased with age (RR values ranged from 0.09 to 2.24 and 0.10 to 4.43 for males, 0.13 to 1.84 and 0.12 to 4.44 for females, respectively), but the incidence risk of NPC decreased after 55 years old (RR values ranged from 2.24 to 2.99 for males and 1.84 to 2.33 for females). The incidence risk of NPC increased (RR value ranged from 0.61 to 1.81 in males and 1.33 to 0.84 in females) over the years, and the risk of death from NPC decreased in females (RR value ranged from 1.42 to 0.79) and increased in males after 2005 (RR value ranged from 0.95 to 0.99). The later the birth was correlated with lower the risk of incidence and death of NPC (RR values ranged from 0.57 to 3.47 and 0.12 to 3.49 for males, 0.31 to 2.64 and 0.19 to 2.46 for females). It is predicted that the ASIR of NPC in China will continue to rise in the next 20 years, with 21.32/105 in males and 4.95/105 in females in 2039, the ASMR of NPC will decrease, with 1.88/105 in males and 0.53/105 in females in 2039.

Conclusion

The incidence of NPC in Chinese residents showed an increasing trend and mortality showed a decreasing trend from 1990 to 2019. Age effect and period effect dominate in terms of incidence risk of NPC, and age effect dominates in terms of the risk of death of NPC. It is predicted that the incidence of NPC will still increase and the mortality will decrease in the future.

Key words: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burden of illness, Incidence, Mortality, Age-period-cohort model