Overweight and obesity represent a major global public health challenge, with significant variations in preventive strategies across national guidelines. This article introduces the core recommendations on weight problem screening and prevention from the tenth edition of the RACGP Guidelines for Preventive Activities in General Practice in Australia, analyzing its characteristics of opportunistic screening model based on WHO screening principles, anti-stigmatization ethical framework, and structured non-drug intervention tools. It also reviews the development status of China's obesity prevention and control system, and compares the differences between China and Australia in screening concepts, ethical considerations, and practical support from the perspective of general practice. This article proposes that China's future obesity prevention should focus on integrating ethical principles into screening and intervention processes, developing localized tools suitable for primary care, and suggests organically integrating weight management into chronic disease management pathways to empower general practitioners in achieving the transition from disease treatment to health management.
Obesity is a chronic and relapsing disease resulting from interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Its global prevalence continues to rise, making it a major public health challenge. Traditional weight management strategies often yield suboptimal outcomes. In recent years, peptide-based therapies targeting the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon receptor (GCGR) have advanced rapidly, with multi-target agonists emerging as a promising new therapeutic trend. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms and clinical progress of these agents: GLP-1R single-target agonists demonstrate significant efficacy in weight reduction, glycemic control, and multi-organ protection, though interindividual variability and gastrointestinal side effects remain limitations. Dual agonists targeting GLP-1R/GIPR and GLP-1R/GCGR (e.g., Tirzepatide, Mazdutide) further improve metabolic parameters, reduce liver fat, and mitigate cardiovascular risks through synergistic regulation of appetite, energy expenditure, and lipid metabolism. Meanwhile, the triple agonist Retatrutide (targeting GLP-1R/GIPR/GCGR) shows robust potential for weight loss and body composition improvement, while also modulating key lipid metabolic regulators such as ANGPTL3/8, thereby broadening the therapeutic horizon for metabolic diseases. Looking forward, the development of multi-target agents-combined with long-acting formulation technologies, precise subtyping, and individualized treatment strategies-is expected to significantly enhance the efficacy and safety of obesity treatments and alleviate the public health burden.
As the global obesity issue becomes increasingly severe, weight loss has become a key task for improving public health and reducing the burden of chronic diseases. Grassroots medical health institutions can effectively advance the prevention and control of obesity, offering clear advantages such as proximity to community needs and strong accessibility of health services. This paper, based on policy background and practical needs, elaborates on the necessity and existing issues in the construction of weight loss clinics in grassroots medical and health institutions, and systematically explores their functional positioning, service models, and the development of both software and hardware capabilities. Furthermore, taking the Weight Loss Clinic at Huichengmen Community Health Service Station in Haidian District, Beijing, as a typical case, this paper analyzes its practical experiences, including relying on academic support from tertiary hospitals, establishing a two-way referral mechanism, and building an intelligent management system. The construction of grassroots weight loss clinics is an important initiative to promote the transformation of grassroots medical services from a "disease-centered" to a "health-centered" approach. Currently, the construction of grassroots weight loss clinics nationwide is still in its early stages, and this paper can provide references and insights for their standardized development.
Obesity has become an increasingly serious public health challenge in China, with a steadily rising prevalence. Studies have shown that 24-hour movement behaviors are closely associated with obesity. However, most current guidelines only provide separate time recommendations for individual behaviors without fully considering their interdependence and combined effects within a 24-hour framework.
To explore the associations between 24-hour movement behaviors and obesity-related outcomes among Chinese university students using the compositional data analysis approach, and to develop an optimal time-use composition for obesity prevention.
A total of 108 university students from Hangzhou were recruited. 24-hour movement behaviors were monitored using accelerometers. Anthropometric indicators including height, weight, and waist circumference (WC) were measured following standardized protocols, and BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral fat area (VFA) were assessed using the InBody 720 bioelectrical impedance analyzer. A compositional multiple regression model was constructed to estimate optimal time allocations and prediction intervals for different movement behaviors.
The composition of 24-hour movement behaviors was significantly associated with obesity-related indicators among college students, including BMI (F=8.25, P<0.01), BFP (F=27.58, P<0.01), WC (F=13.90, P<0.01), WHR (F=13.10, P<0.01), WHtR (F=14.09, P<0.01), and VFA (F=7.04, P<0.01). The optimal 24-hour time-use composition for obesity prevention was identified as: 131 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)(110-140 min), 208 minutes of light physical activity (LPA) (160-230 min), 663 minutes of sedentary behavior(SB)(620-730 min), and 438 minutes of sleep (360-520 min).
The composition of 24-hour movement behaviors is closely associated with obesity-related indicators among college students. The optimal time-use composition developed in this study aligns with current guidelines for MVPA and sleep, while also providing recommendations for SB and LPA. These findings offer scientific evidence for the optimized allocation of daily activity time and the prevention of obesity in college populations.
Weight management serves as a critical component in the prevention and control of chronic diseases. In 2024, the National Health Commission of China launched a three-year "Weight Management Year" action plan (2025-2027), aiming to enhance public awareness of weight management and promote scientific control methods. Weight management not only focuses on body weight values but also emphasizes comprehensive interventions in diet, physical activity, and lifestyle to prevent chronic diseases and improve quality of life. Generative artificial intelligence demonstrates significant potential in the field of weight management by providing users with personalized dietary advice, exercise plans, and behavioral interventions, thereby improving management outcomes and adherence. This article systematically explores the application pathways and effectiveness of generative artificial intelligence in weight management, highlighting its advantages in achieving dynamic personalization of dietary plans and increasing physical activity levels, while also addressing multiple challenges such as content authenticity, data privacy, algorithmic biases, and long-term adherence. This study provides valuable insights for the optimization of weight management models in China and the further application of generative artificial intelligence in the health domain.
