The global prevalence of low back pain is gradually increasing, and it is the main cause of disability, sick leave, and unemployment, posing a heavy burden on individuals and society. Assessing the degree of disability in patients with chronic low back pain is crucial for evaluating the efficacy of clinical interventions and clinical epidemiology. The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) is currently the main tool for evaluating disability in patients with low back pain, but the applicability of its measurement performance in the Chinese population remains unclear.

To evaluate the applicability of RMDQ in the Chinese population with low back pain and provide evidence for clinical practice and research application.

CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched from inception to 2023-10-01, to establish a literature base for the performance of the low back pain scale, and then select research on the measurement performance of RMDQ from it. The measurement performance of the RMDQ scale was evaluated according to the COSMIN system evaluation guidelines, and the evidence evaluation level was used to grade the evidence.

A total of six RMDQ documents were included, with insufficient methodological quality for RMDQ content validity and adequate measurement performance. The quality of internal consistency methodology was very good with uncertainty and measurement performance was adequate; the methodological quality of retesting was uncertain, and the measurement performance was sufficient; the methodological quality of measurement error was uncertain, and the measurement performance was sufficient; the methodological quality of criterion validity was uncertain, and the measurement performance was insufficient; hypothesis testing methodological quality was very good with uncertain, and the measurement performance was sufficient and uncertain; the quality of reactivity methodology was very good, with sufficient and insufficient, while the measurement performance was sufficient with insufficient. According to the GRADE evidence quality rating results, there is low quality evidence to prove uncertainty in content validity, and moderate quality evidence to prove sufficient retesting reliability and internal consistency; there is sufficient evidence of low quality to prove the measurement error and reactivity. There is very low quality evidence of insufficient calibration validity when using the Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) as calibrators; hypothesis testing had moderate quality evidence of uncertainty.

The methodological quality of the RMDQ scale is not high, with acceptable measurement performanceand low quality of evidence, and needs to be used cautiously in clinical practice or trials of low back pain in China. Although there is sufficient evidence of moderate quality to prove the reliability and internal consistency of retesting, the research content and methods are not standardized. In future research, attention should be paid to standardization to more accurately assess its applicability in the Chinese population.

腰痛全球患病率逐步上升，而腰痛是致残、病休、失业的主要原因，对个人及社会均是沉重的负担。评估慢性腰痛患者的残疾程度对于评价临床干预疗效和临床流行病学至关重要。罗兰-莫里残疾调查问卷（RMDQ）是目前评估腰痛患者残疾的主要工具，但其测量性能在中国人群中的适用性尚不明确。

评估RMDQ在中国腰痛人群中的适用性，为临床实践、临床研究的应用提供证据。

计算机检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Embase及Web of Science等，检索时间为建库至2023-10-01，针对腰痛量表的性能研究建立文献库，再从中筛选RMDQ测量性能的研究。按照健康测量工具选择的共识标准（COSMIN）系统评价指南对RMDQ的测量学性能进行评价，并采用GRADE证据评价等级对证据分级。

共纳入6篇RMDQ文献，RMDQ内容效度方法学质量为不足，测量性能为充分；内部一致性方法学质量存在非常好与不确定，测量性能为充分；重测信度方法学质量为不确定，测量性能为充分；测量误差方法学质量为不确定，测量性能为充分；校标效度方法学质量为不确定，测量性能为不充分；假设检验方法学质量存在非常好与不确定，测量性能存在充分与不确定；反应度方法学质量存在非常好、足够与不足，测量性能存在充分与不足。根据GRADE证据质量评级结果表明内容效度有低质量证据证明不确定，重测信度及内部一致性有中等质量证据证明充分；测量误差及反应度有低质量证据证明充分；以Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）和视觉模拟量表（VAS）为校标时，校标效度有非常低质量证据证明不充分；假设检验有中等质量证据证明不确定。

RMDQ方法学质量不高，测量性能尚可，证据质量偏低，在中国腰痛临床实践或试验中需谨慎使用，重测信度与内部一致性虽被中等质量证据证明充分，但研究内容和方法不规范。将来研究应注意规范，能更准确判断在中国人群中的适用性。