Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (01): 103-110.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0356
• Original Research·Focus on Medication Decision-making for Multimorbidity • Previous Articles
Received:
2024-07-15
Revised:
2024-09-15
Published:
2025-01-05
Online:
2024-10-30
Contact:
ZHAO Yang, XU Zhijie
通讯作者:
赵洋, 徐志杰
作者简介:
作者贡献:
夏瑀、徐志杰负责文章的构思与设计、可行性分析、论文撰写;夏瑀、徐志杰、周馨媚负责文献资料收集和整理;童钰铃、罗原对文章提出了修改建议;徐志杰、赵洋负责质量控制及审校,并对文章负责。
基金资助:
Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX
URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0356
阶段 | 要点建议 |
---|---|
阶段1:健康问题回顾 | ·接诊患者伊始,通过问诊或查阅医疗记录全面地收集患者的个人信息和临床信息 |
·掌握患者过去接受药物治疗的用药体验,包括既往用药、当前药物治疗方案以及患者对药物治疗的理解和态度 | |
·分析患者本次就诊需求与过去健康事件之间的相关性,据此调整制定后续沟通策略 | |
阶段2:用药综合评估 | ·罗列共病患者所有明确诊断的健康问题,判断当前药物治疗方案适宜性和有效性 |
·评估药物治疗安全性时,除检查药物本身是否正确使用和有无发生不良反应外,还应评估疾病与药物、药物与药物之间是否存在潜在的相互作用 | |
·通过询问患者是否按时正确服药或使用量表评估患者的依从性,发现患者依从性不佳时应分析原因 | |
·通过询问患者或使用量表评估共病患者的药物治疗负担 | |
阶段3:医患共同决策 | ·确立医患双方共同认可的治疗目标是共同决策的首要步骤 |
·当接诊时间有限时,确定需要优先解决的健康问题,集中讨论1~2个重要问题 | |
·在提出治疗方案前,评估患者对治疗的期望,鼓励患者参与到决策过程中 | |
·通过开放式的沟通,在决策过程中与患者讨论每种药物选择的潜在获益和实际可达到目标的可能性 | |
·积极倾听患者诉求,提供必要的支持和安慰,帮助患者缓解负面情绪,纠正患者不合理的用药认知 | |
阶段4:药物治疗记录 | ·为共病患者专门建立全面且规范的药物治疗档案 |
·全面地记录患者当前所有在用药物的名称、适应证、用法、预期治疗周期、调整剂量或用法的说明,以及明确或疑似发生的药物不良反应 | |
·根据药物治疗记录信息,为患者提供合理用药的指导和教育 | |
阶段5:安排随访计划 | ·告知患者常规复诊的时间安排与复诊时需要完成的事项 |
·指导患者识别和报告潜在的药物不良反应的方法 | |
·指导患者记录实际用药情况、用药体验以及疑似发生的不良反应,监测生理指标 | |
·采用社交媒体、电话或短信等远程医疗的随访途径提升共病药物治疗的连续性 |
Table 1 Recommended points of implementing medication decision-making for patients with multimorbidity
阶段 | 要点建议 |
---|---|
阶段1:健康问题回顾 | ·接诊患者伊始,通过问诊或查阅医疗记录全面地收集患者的个人信息和临床信息 |
·掌握患者过去接受药物治疗的用药体验,包括既往用药、当前药物治疗方案以及患者对药物治疗的理解和态度 | |
·分析患者本次就诊需求与过去健康事件之间的相关性,据此调整制定后续沟通策略 | |
阶段2:用药综合评估 | ·罗列共病患者所有明确诊断的健康问题,判断当前药物治疗方案适宜性和有效性 |
·评估药物治疗安全性时,除检查药物本身是否正确使用和有无发生不良反应外,还应评估疾病与药物、药物与药物之间是否存在潜在的相互作用 | |
·通过询问患者是否按时正确服药或使用量表评估患者的依从性,发现患者依从性不佳时应分析原因 | |
·通过询问患者或使用量表评估共病患者的药物治疗负担 | |
阶段3:医患共同决策 | ·确立医患双方共同认可的治疗目标是共同决策的首要步骤 |
·当接诊时间有限时,确定需要优先解决的健康问题,集中讨论1~2个重要问题 | |
·在提出治疗方案前,评估患者对治疗的期望,鼓励患者参与到决策过程中 | |
·通过开放式的沟通,在决策过程中与患者讨论每种药物选择的潜在获益和实际可达到目标的可能性 | |
·积极倾听患者诉求,提供必要的支持和安慰,帮助患者缓解负面情绪,纠正患者不合理的用药认知 | |
阶段4:药物治疗记录 | ·为共病患者专门建立全面且规范的药物治疗档案 |
·全面地记录患者当前所有在用药物的名称、适应证、用法、预期治疗周期、调整剂量或用法的说明,以及明确或疑似发生的药物不良反应 | |
·根据药物治疗记录信息,为患者提供合理用药的指导和教育 | |
阶段5:安排随访计划 | ·告知患者常规复诊的时间安排与复诊时需要完成的事项 |
·指导患者识别和报告潜在的药物不良反应的方法 | |
·指导患者记录实际用药情况、用药体验以及疑似发生的不良反应,监测生理指标 | |
·采用社交媒体、电话或短信等远程医疗的随访途径提升共病药物治疗的连续性 |
[1] |
|
[2] |
|
[3] |
何莉,张逸凡,沈雪纯,等. 中国大陆地区居民慢性病共病的流行趋势:一项Meta分析[J]. 中国全科医学,2023,26(29):3599-3607. DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0217.
|
[4] |
|
[5] |
|
[6] |
|
[7] |
|
[8] |
|
[9] |
|
[10] |
|
[11] |
|
[12] |
|
[13] |
|
[14] |
|
[15] |
|
[16] |
|
[17] |
|
[18] |
|
[19] |
|
[20] |
徐志杰,钱熠,严明,等. 基于疾病协同理论的慢性病共病影响因素与管理策略[J]. 中国全科医学,2024,27(11):1288-1295. DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0701.
|
[21] |
|
[22] |
|
[23] |
|
[24] |
李学靖,赵俊强,张小艳,等. 渥太华决策支持框架内涵及其临床应用的范围综述[J]. 中华护理杂志,2022,57(6):756-762.
|
[25] |
|
[26] |
|
[27] |
|
[28] |
|
[29] |
梁旭健,曾锐峰,邓志玲,等. 基于微信平台的医院药学服务实践:现状与启示[J]. 中国医院药学杂志,2022,42(22):2421-2424,2429. DOI:10.13286/j.1001-5213.2022.22.19.
|
[30] |
|
[31] |
|
[32] |
|
[33] |
邓志玲,陆益婷,梁旭健,等. 基层药师与全科医生团队合作的研究进展、挑战及应对策略[J]. 中国全科医学,2023,26(10):1179-1185. DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0615.
|
[34] |
|
[1] | LI Xiaofeng, PEI Xingtong, YANG Chunhui, ZHAO Yang, XU Mingming. Association between Comorbidity Patterns and Disability for the Older Adults: Based on a Sampling Survey in Sichuan Province [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(02): 149-158. |
[2] | Tsinghua University Vanke School of Public Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Chinese Association of General Practitioners of Chinese Medical Doctor Association. Chinese Expert Consensus on Artificial Intelligence General Practitioner (AIGP) [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(02): 135-142. |
[3] | SI Jianping, WANG Xianju, GUO Qing. Performance Evaluation and Obstacle Factor Diagnosis of Community Embedded Integrated Medical and Nursing Care with Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(34): 4327-4335. |
[4] | LIANG Hong, ZHANG Ying, XU Hanping, YE Aoxing, WU Lingling, ZHAO Jing. The Health Characteristics and Health Needs of Perimenopausal Women in the Community [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(34): 4286-4294. |
[5] | SHI Yinan, ZHOU Chi. Responsiveness Assessment and Its Influencing Factors of Community Health Services among Residents of Different Ages [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(31): 3877-3883. |
[6] | YANG Shifang, JI Lupeng, LI Xiaoming, CHEN Xueying, ZHAO Manzhi, HUANG Guohua, CUI Jinghua, CHEN Lian, LI Jing. The Impact of MDT-based CBL Education Mode on Improving Clinical Practice Skills of General Practitioners [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(31): 3941-3945. |
[7] | LIU Huan, ZHU Shifei, CHEN Fayu, WANG Jinghua. The Application of AI in Primary Care General Practitioners' Practice: a Perspective on Skin Disease Diagnosis and Disease Course Management [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(31): 3884-3889. |
[8] | ZHANG Xu, GONG Xue, XU Shasha, ZHANG Xinyan, LI Yixuan, YU Xiaosong. Construction of Competency Model for Chinese Assistant General Practitioners Based on Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(31): 3946-3952. |
[9] | WANG Jiangyue, JIN Xue, YUAN Tongling, TANG Zongbao, LUO Xiaolu, YANG Mei, CHEN Hong, CHI Chunhua. Experience of Community Health Services for Home-dwelling Old Adults: a Qualitative Study [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(30): 3797-3802. |
[10] | SUBINUER Aiwaiduli, GULIBAHAER Kadeer, MUKAIDASI Taxi, LYU Yujuan, KADEERYA Nasier, SUBIDE Alimujiang. Effects of Chronic Disease Prevalence and Comorbidity Patterns on SRH Status in Middle-aged and Elderly Populations in Rural Areas [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(28): 3520-3528. |
[11] | Beijing Hypertension Association, China Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Beijing Community Health Service Association, Beijing Community Health Promotion Association. Chinese Expert Consensus on Grassroots Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension Combined with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dyslipidemia in Adults 2024 [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(28): 3453-3475. |
[12] | LI Wanyu, ZHANG Hanzhi, JIN Hua, YU Dehua. Status of Implementation of Active Health-oriented Health Management in Primary Health Care Organizations [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(28): 3560-3566. |
[13] | HOU Shuyu, ZENG Xin, WANG Tingting, MOU Biao, LEI Yu, WU Fuju, LUO Xiaohong, ZOU Chuan. A Systematic Evaluation of Research on Continuing Education for General Practitioners in China in the Last Decade [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(28): 3476-3482. |
[14] | WANG Guimeng, CUI Xiangshu, YU Wenjing, TENG Mengyuan, LI Jingmei. Sleep Disorders among Community Dwelling Older Adults over 80 Years: a Scoping Review [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(27): 3446-3452. |
[15] | ZHAO Ting, ZHANG Yan, WU Lanxin, MENG Lixue, LIU Li. A Qualitative Study of Community-dwelling Elderly People' Experience of Multimorbidity [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(25): 3143-3149. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||