Abstract: Primary osteoporosis is a common age-related chronic bone disease.The prevalence of osteoporosis in people over 50 years is 20.7% in women and 14.4% in men.The incidence of osteoporosis-related fragility fractures has increased year by year，which can cause disability and death，and its medical expenses incurred are enormous.Early osteoporosis lacks specific symptoms.For patients at high risk of osteoporosis in the community，early diagnosis and appropriate intervention can reduce the occurrence of fractures.This article reports on the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with senile osteoporosis in the community.From the perspective of general practitioners，we introduced and analyzed risk assessments，diagnosis and treatment of the disease by relevant literature and guidelines，in order to provide diagnosis and treatment ideas for general practitioners in the community，improve their ability to diagnose and treat osteoporosis，and exert the advantages of primary care in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.

Key words: Osteoporosis；Low back pain；Back pain；Fractures, bone；Community health centers；General practitioners

摘要： 原发性骨质疏松症是常见的与增龄相关的慢性骨骼疾病，我国50岁以上人群骨质疏松症患病率女性为20.7%，男性为14.4%。骨质疏松症相关脆性骨折发病率逐年攀升，其可致残、致死，且带来的医疗花费巨大。早期骨质疏松症缺乏特异症状，对于社区人群中的骨质疏松症高危人群，及早诊断，适当干预，可减少其骨折的发生。本文报道了全科医师在社区接诊的1例老年骨质疏松症患者的诊治流程，从全科医师诊疗角度出发，详细介绍了疾病的风险评估、诊断思路和治疗方法，并结合相关文献和指南进行分析，以拓宽社区全科医师的诊疗思路，提高全科医师骨质疏松症诊治能力，发挥基层医疗在慢性病防治中的优势。

关键词: 骨质疏松, 腰痛, 背痛, 骨折, 社区卫生中心, 全科医师