Abstract: Objective　To investigate the awareness and appropriate prescribing of oral sustained- and controlled-release products in family doctors，providing a reference for the implementation of prescribing training in community healthcare organizations and for the improvement of rational use of drugs in family doctors.Methods　This face-to-face survey was conducted between June and December 2017 in all the family doctors from Yuetan Community Health Service Center located in Beijing Xicheng district and Xinhua Community Health Service Center located in Beijing Tongzhou district using a self-designed questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics，awareness and appropriate prescribing of oral sustained- and controlled-release products and methods for improving the appropriate use of oral sustained- and controlled-release products in patients.Results　Sixty-two questionnaires were distributed，and 62 valid questionnaires were collected at the scene.The recovery rate of the questionnaires was 100.0%.They showed high awareness level of oral sustained- and controlled-release products，as indicated by therapeutic and side effects of oral sustained- and controlled-release products were generally mastered by 91.9% （57/62），88.7% （55/62） of them，respectively.All of them encountered patients who could not take oral sustained- and controlled-release products properly and thought that medication guidance was needed in patients.Higher educated family doctors demonstrated a better grasp of the types of drugs suitable for the preparation of sustained- and controlled-release formulations （P=0.003），whether oral sustained- and controlled-release products with or without scar could be taken apart （P=0.022，P=0.003），whether oral sustained- and controlled-release products with scar could be administered by nasal feeding （P=0.030），whether the shell of skeleton-type sustained- and controlled-release formulation could be excreted with the feces （P=0.014） and other aspects.Family doctors who were older or with a higher professional and technical title had a better grasp of prescribing oral sustained- and controlled-release products appropriately based on the patient's conditions and paid more attention to offer medication guidance to the patients （P<0.05）．For the question who refer to the medication guidelines of oral sustained- and controlled-release products for patients is appropriate，53.2% （33/62） of family doctors to choose general practitioners，41.9% （26/62） of family doctors to choose community pharmacists，the family doctors at Yuetan Community Health Service Center were more likely to think that it is more appropriate for community pharmacists to take medication guidance for patients with oral sustained- and controlled-release products，while family doctors at Xinhua Community Health Service Center think more that they were done by general practitioners （P<0.05）．Conclusion　As a whole，the family doctors did not have a comprehensive grasp of the administration ways for oral sustained- and controlled-release products and did not offer proper enough medication guidance to the patients.In view of this，the awareness levels of oral sustained- and controlled-release products among both family doctors and patients are suggested to be taken into account when developing the schemes for training and propaganda of rational use of oral sustained- and controlled-release products，and pharmacists are suggested to participate in the workforce for giving targeted medication guidance.

Key words: Physicians, family；Administration, oral；Cognition；Data collection

摘要： 目的　调查家庭医生对缓控释口服药物认知度和正确使用情况，为社区开展用药知识培训、提升家庭医生合理用药水平提供参考。方法　采用现况调查法，2017年6—12月利用自行设计的调查问卷，对西城区月坛社区卫生服务中心和通州区新华社区卫生服务中心全部家庭医生实施问卷调查，调查问卷包括家庭医生基本情况、对缓控释口服药物认知度、对缓控释口服药物的正确使用情况、提升患者正确使用缓控释口服药物的方法及建议。结果　发放调查问卷62份，现场收回有效问卷62份，问卷回收率为100.0%。家庭医生对缓控释口服药物认知度较高，91.9%（57/62）、88.7%（55/62）的家庭医生基本掌握缓控释口服药物的优点及缺点，100.0%（62/62）的家庭医生遇到过不能正确服用缓控释口服药物的患者同时认为需要对患者进行用药指导。对于哪种类型药物适于制备缓释、控释制剂（P=0.003），有或无掰痕的缓控释口服药物可以掰开服用（P=0.022，P=0.003）、有掰痕的缓控释口服药物可以鼻饲给药（P=0.030）、骨架式缓释剂的空壳可随粪便排出体外（P=0.014）等问题，学历较高的家庭医生较学历较低者掌握得更好；而年龄越大、职称越高的家庭医生更清楚在什么情况下给患者服用缓控释口服药物以及更注重对患者进行相关的用药指导（P<0.05）。关于服用缓控释口服药物患者的用药指导由谁来做比较合适53.2%（33/62）的家庭医生选择全科医师，41.9%（26/62）的家庭医生选择社区药师，月坛社区卫生服务中心的家庭医生更多地认为由社区药师做服用缓控释口服药物患者的用药指导比较合适，而新华社区卫生服务中心的家庭医生更多地认为由全科医师来做（P<0.05）。结论　家庭医生对缓控释口服药物的用药方法了解不全面，对患者的用药指导不够准确，建议在制定相关培训、宣传方案时考虑到家庭医生和患者对缓控释口服药物的认知情况，让社区药师参与到合理用药的工作中，进行有针对性的指导。

关键词: 医师, 家庭；投药, 口服；认知；数据收集