Abstract: Fetus can smell the amniotic fluid in the womb.They have response to the external olfactory stimulation after birth.The olfactory stimulus response is one item of behavior assessment in premature infants.We introduced the recent advances in olfactory stimuli used for improving apnea and pain，reducing the impact of pain on heart rate and SPO2 as well as enhancing feeding in premature infants，in order to increase healthcare providers' understanding of olfactory stimuli for premature infants，and to provide new ideas for improving the neonatal clinical care mode.

Key words: Premature birth, Olfactory stimuli, Review

摘要： 胎儿在子宫内就能感受来自羊水的气味刺激，新生儿出生后可对外界嗅觉刺激产生反应，而嗅觉刺激反应是早产儿行为评估中的一项。本文主要介绍嗅觉刺激在早产儿呼吸暂停、疼痛、心率、血氧饱和度（SPO2）及喂养方面的研究进展，旨在提高医护人员关于嗅觉刺激对早产儿影响的认识，为进一步优化早产儿临床照护模式提供新思路。

关键词: 早产, 嗅觉刺激, 综述