Abstract: Background Although intermittent fasting as an emerging dietary therapy has shown beneficial effects on the pathological progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus in animal and general population studies，there is still a lack of sufficient clinical evidence and in-depth understanding of the specific protocols for its use and its precise effects in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective To systematically analyse the studies related to the application of intermittent fasting in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus，to summarise the specific protocol of intermittent fasting，and discuss the intervention effects of the application of this dietary modality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Guided by the methodological framework of the scoping review，national and international databases were searched with a timeframe from database construction to 1 July 2023，two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted information，and categorised and analysed the included literature. Results A total of 13 papers were included. Intermittent fasting protocols in the literature have included time-restricted eating and alternate day fasting.Intervention formats included offline hospital outpatient education and feedback sessions，and offline combined with online mobile phone smart management interventions. Intervention durations ranged from a minimum of 3 weeks to a maximum of 18 months. Intervention outcomes had varying degrees of beneficial effects on physiological indicators，psychological outcomes，and blood biochemistry indices，with intermittent fasting resulting in higher compliance and fewer adverse effects compared with continuous fasting. Conclusion This paper has shown that intermittent fasting，when used in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus，can reduce body weight mass，improve metabolic indices and delay disease progression，and can be combined with individual needs and professional guidance to develop an appropriate dietary programme to intervene in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Key words: Fasting；Intermittent fasting；Diabetes mellitus, type 2；Scoping review

摘要： 背景 间歇性禁食作为一种新兴饮食疗法，虽在动物实验和一般人群的研究中展现出对2型糖尿病病理进展的积极影响，但在2型糖尿病患者身上的具体应用方案及确切效果，目前仍缺乏足够的临床证据和深入了解。目的 系统分析间歇性禁食应用在2型糖尿病患者中的相关研究，总结间歇性禁食具体方案，讨论该饮食方式应用在2型糖尿病患者中的干预效果。方法 以范围综述方法学框架为指导，检索国内外数据库，检索时限为建库至2023-07-01，由2名研究者独立筛选文献和提取资料，并对纳入文献进行归类分析。结果 共纳入13篇文献。纳入文献中间歇性禁食方案包括限时进食和隔日禁食。干预形式包括线下医院门诊教育和反馈会干预以及线下结合线上手机程序智能管理干预。干预时长最短有3周，最长有18个月。干预结果对生理指标、心理结局和血生化指标都有不同程度的有利影响，间歇性禁食相比于持续禁食依从性更高，不良反应也更小。结论 本文发现间歇性禁食应用到2型糖尿病患者后可减轻其体重质量、改善代谢指标、延缓疾病进展，可以结合个体需求和专业指导去制定适宜的饮食方案来干预2型糖尿病。

关键词: 禁食；间歇性禁食；糖尿病, 2 型；范围综述