Abstract: Background　Cost-benefit analysis is an effective means for health economic evaluation.There are few studies on cost-benefit analysis of emergency hepatitis B vaccination in Beijing on municipal level.Since the implementation of the hepatitis B vaccination program in Beijing，huge costs have been invested.By analyzing the related data，costs and benefits of the implementation of the program may be assessed relatively accurately.Objective　To perform a cost-benefit analysis of the implementation of emergency hepatitis B vaccination program in Beijing from 1992 to 2013.Methods　From January 2016，we collected the data of the implementation of emergency hepatitis B vaccination program in Beijing from 1992 to 2013 by searching relevant literature and
querying existing work records，and used up-and-down method and step-by-step modeling to estimate costs and benefits of the implementation during this period.Results　During 1992 to 2013，the total costs of acute hepatitis B virus（HBV） infection were 122.398 6 million yuan.In 2017，the annual cost of this disease was highest（14.295 0 million yuan），which is 32.98 times higher than the lowest appeared in 1994（0.433 4 million yuan）.The planned total costs of hepatitis B immunization program showed a slight decrease trend during 1992 to 1996（from 5.421 4 million yuan to 3.786 5 million yuan），then grew gradually（it rose to 7.053 2 million yuan in 2010），and showed a sharp increase between 2011 and 2013（it rose to 13.272 0 million yuan in 2013）.From 1992 to 2013，the total benefits of preventing and treating of acute HBV infection in Beijing were 6 975 113.80 yuan，showing an overall upward trend，with an average annual benefit of 317 050.63 yuan，and an average annual growth rate of 8.08%.The incremental cost-benefit ratios for the hepatitis B immunization program implemented in 1992，1993—2006，and 2007—2013 were 0.02，-0.21，and 0.07，respectively.Conclusion　The implementation of hepatitis B immunization program in Beijing has achieved good results in general，effectively reducing the economic burden of patients with acute HBV infection.

Key words: Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B vaccines, Cost-benefit analysis, Costs and cost analysis, Health care costs

摘要： 背景　成本效益分析是进行卫生经济学评价的有效手段，当前对北京市急性乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗接种进行市级成本效益分析的研究较少。北京市进行乙肝计划免疫以来投入了巨大的成本，通过对数据进行分析，可以得出较为准确的成本效益情况。目的　对1992—2013年北京市急性乙肝疫苗接种的效益产出进行测算，分析其成本效益。方法　自2016年1月开始，运用上下法和分步模型法对1992—2013年北京市急性乙肝疾病费用和规划免疫成本进行测算，以此为基础进行效益数据的测算，相关数据主要来源于文献检索和现有工作记录。结果　1992—2013年北京市急性乙肝疾病的合计总费用为12 239.86万元，单年总费用最高值出现在2007年（1 429.50万元），是最低值1994年（43.34万元）的32.98倍。北京市乙肝规划免疫总成本在1992—1996年略有降低（由542.14万元降至378.65万元），之后缓慢升高（2010年上升为705.32万元），2011—2013年增幅明显（2013年上升为1 327.20万元）。1992—2013年北京市急性乙肝防治工作合计产生效益6 975 113.80元，整体呈上升趋势，年平均效益为317 050.63元，平均增长率为8.08%。北京市乙肝免疫规划在1992、1993—2006、2007—2013年3个阶段的增量效益成本比分别为0.02、-0.21、0.07。结论　北京市乙肝免疫措施在整体上取得了较好的效果，有效减少了患者的急性乙肝疾病负担。

关键词: 乙型肝炎, 乙型肝炎疫苗, 费用效益分析, 成本及成本分析, 卫生保健费用