In recent years, with the development of mobile medicine and telemedicine technology, health management models such as Internet hospitals, online and offline cooperation have gradually become a development trend. However, the elderly have limitations in the use of "Internet+" technology, which affects the mobile health of the elderly, and develops a remote management model based on family members, helping improve the coverage and efficiency of health management for the elderly.
To construct an "Internet+" family nursing management model for the elderly, focusing on the contracting problem of the elderly in the context of contracted family doctor services.
From June 2020 to February 2021, the "Internet+" family nursing management model for the elderly was preliminarily formulated according to the policies related to the health management of the elderly, combined with domestic and foreign literature research and preliminary basic research. Applying the Delphi method, 15 experts were selected for two rounds of expert consultation, forming the final draft of the "Internet+" family nursing management model for the elderly.
The positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were 100%, with the authority coefficients of 0.87 for both, and Kendall coordination coefficients of 0.253 and 0.226, respectively (P<0.001) . The final "Internet+" family nursing management model for the elderly consisting of 5 parts, including the service objects, management team members, the selection and training content of family caregivers, implementation method, management content with a total of 46 items was established.
This study focuses on the practical problems of elderly health management, and the "Internet +" family nursing management model constructed for the elderly not only conforms to the development of "Internet+ medical care" technology, but also realizes the participation of the elderly in remote health management, which is scientific and reliable, and can be used as a tool for remote care management of the elderly in the community.
Due to aging characteristics such as dry, loose and inelastic skin, and decreased skin tolerance, the elderly are more vulnerable to injuries caused by pressure. An appropriate decompression mattress is the key to preventing pressure injury.
To compare the decompression effects of two types of mattresses by analyzing the pressures and temperatures of sacrococcygeal skin in bedridden elderly patients in the supine position.
By convenience sampling, 45 bedridden elderly patients who were admitted to Cadre Internal Medicine Ward, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command from January 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the participants (all of them were male since most of the patients in the ward were male) . They were assigned to group A (n=23, use of gel mattress, repositioned every two hours for seven days) or group B (n=22, use of air mattress, repositioned every two hours for seven days) according to their willingness. The maximal sacrococcygeal pressure and skin temperature were measured at three fixed defined time points every day during supine position〔at the beginning (baseline) , and at one and two hours in the position〕. Maximal sacrococcygeal pressure was measured using a continuous bedside pressure mapping system, and the skin temperature in the same location was measured using a hand-held thermometer. The linear mixed-effects model was used to analyse the changes in sacrococcygeal pressure and skin temperature of the elderly bedridden patients and compare the decompression effects of the two mattresses.
There were no pressure injuries in both groups during the intervention. The interaction effect between group and day was not statistically significant on the changes in sacrococcygeal pressure (Fgroup*day=0.07, Pgroup*day=0.999) , while the interaction effect between group and time on them was statistically significant (Fgroup*time =6.45, Pgroup*time=0.012) . Therefore, the mixed-effects model analysis was conducted again after removing the interaction between the group and day. The results indicated that the sacrococcygeal pressures in the gel mattress group were lower than those in the air mattress group after one and two hours after the supine position (P<0.05) . For the changes in skin temperature, the interaction effect between group and day was not statistically significant (Fgroup*day=0.12, Pgroup*day=0.994) , while the interaction effect between group and time was statistically significant (Fgroup*time =16.90, Pgroup*time<0.001) . Therefore, the mixed-effects model analysis for temperature was conducted again after removing the interaction between the group and day. The results demonstrated that the sacrococcygeal pressure changes in the gel mattress group were lower than those in the air mattress group after one and two hours in the supine position (P<0.05) .
Both the sacrococcygeal pressures and skin temperatures of bedridden hospitalized elderly male patients were increased after using the gel mattress or air mattress for one or two hours in supine position. The pressure and skin temperature increments were less from the gel mattress than from the air mattress, indicating that gel mattress was superior to air mattress in mitigating sacrococcygeal pressure and skin temperature.
With the increasing aging situation, how to successfully carry out intelligent care for the elderlyhas become an important issue, and ergonomics brings effective guarantee and new opportunities for intelligent care for the elderly. Based on the concept of ergonomics, this paper summarizes the current research status and application progress of ergonomics in the field of intelligent care for the elderly. By considering the unique cognitive, perceptual, physical function and motivational characteristics of the elderly, ergonomics makes the design of intelligent care products closer to the needs of the elderly and creates a more comfortable and convenient intelligent care environment. In the future, based on the optimization and innovation of hardware and software facilities of intelligent care through ergonomics, researchers should pay more attention to the universality and rigor of design, and integrate the characteristics of ergonomics, in order to provide high safety, convenient, and modernizedintelligentcare for the elderly.
