There are few epidemiological analyses on mental illness deaths among Chinese residents. As an economically developed region, Shanghai has more complete health information system, which can provide data support for deeper analysis of smaller categorical disease characteristics and causes of death among residents, and analysis of the circumstances and trends of deaths related to mental disorders among women in Shanghai will help to understand the local burden of mental disorders in women.
To analyze the death status and trend of mental disorders among female residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2005 to 2021.
Cause of death monitoring data of registered residents of the whole population in Pudong New Area from 2005 to 2021 were collated, and deaths of local female residents with mental disorders were analyzed by using indicators such as crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, years of life loss and rate of life loss, and annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were calculated by using Joinpont regression model for trend analysis.
From 2005 to 2021, there were 1 165 female deaths from mental disorders in Pudong New Area of Shanghai, accounting for 0.32% of the total deaths in the same period. The crude mortality rate was 4.82/100 000, and the standardized mortality rate was 1.85/100 000. The crude mortality rate of female mental disorders in Pudong New Area of Shanghai showed a downward trend from 2005 to 2012 (APC=-13.05%, P=0.002), and an upward trend from 2012 to 2021 (APC=7.66%, P=0.012). The standardized mortality rate showed a downward trend from 2005 to 2012 (APC=-16.79%, P<0.001), and a overall downward trend from 2005 to 2021 (AAPC=-4.93%, P=0.009). The life loss rate showed a downward trend from 2005 to 2012 (APC=-13.79%, P<0.001), and an upward trend from 2012 to 2021 (APC=6.93%, P=0.011). From 2005 to 2021, the death age of female mental disorders in Pudong New Area of Shanghai was 50.8-105.8 years old, and the death age distribution was dominated by ≥80 years old (79.48%), and the death rate of female mental disorders ≥80 years old showed an overall upward trend (AAPC=0.98%, P=0.027). From 2005 to 2021, the proportion of women who died at aged 70-79 with mental disorders was 16.57%. The death rate (AAPC=-5.13%, P=0.026), crude mortality rate (AAPC=-7.20%, P=0.003) and life loss rate (AAPC=-6.89%, P=0.005) showed a downward trend as a whole.
From 2005 to 2021, the standardized mortality rate of female mental disorders in Pudong New Area of Shanghai showed a downward trend as a whole, but the death rate of female mental disorders≥80 years old showed an overall upward trend. The burden of mental disorders among elderly female residents deserves attention of local authorities. Promoting the mental health of elderly women is conducive to improving the health level of local women.
Along with the acceleration of population aging and the increase in average life expectancy, how to improve the quality of life of residents has become a social focus. Cancer is a major factor that seriously affects the health, causing increased medical burden. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze cancer incidence in Cenxi City, Guangxi.
To perform a statistical analysis of cancer incidence in Cenxi from 2016 to 2020.
Data on cancer incidence in Cenxi from 2016 to 2020 were obtained from the Cancer Registry System of Cenxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Cancers were classified by the Guideline for Chinese Cancer Registration and International Classification of Disease for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O). Sex-specific and age-specific crude incidence rates, standardized incidence rates, and cumulative incidence rates (0-74 years), as well as truncated age-standardized incidence rate (35-64 years) were calculated. The standardized incidence rate was calculated by the 2000 Population Census of China and Segi's world population structure (Chinese age-standardized incidence rate was referred to as ASIRC, and world age-standardized incidence rate as ASIRW) .
There were 4 205 registered new cases of cancer from 2016 to 2020 in Cenxi. The crude cancer incidence rate was 98.77/105. The ASIRC, ASIRW, cumulative incidence rate (0-74 years) and the truncated age-standardized incidence rate (35-64 years) were 85.48/105, 82.54/105, 9.08%, and 165.08/105, respectively. The male crude incidence rate was higher than that in female (χ2=161.703, P<0.001). The crude cancer incidence rates for 0-34 year-old overall population, males and females were all under 34.00/105, for 35-39 year-old overall population, males and females were 64.02/105, 83.94/105, 43.75/105, respectively, and for 75-79 year-old were 437.83/105, 597.17/105, 292.76/105, respectively, reaching the highest incidence rate. The top three cancers in terms of crude incidence rate for the overall population were liver cancer (23.47%), lung cancer (17.53%), and nasopharynx cancer (10.70%), for males were liver cancer (30.94%), lung cancer (20.84%), and nasopharynx cancer (12.51%), while for females were breast cancer (16.44%), lung cancer (12.12%), and liver cancer (11.31%) .
Compared to the Chinese average (ASIRC and ASIRW were 190.64/105, 204.8/105), and world average (ASIRW were 201.0/105) from 2016 to 2020, Cenxi had lower overall standardized cancer incidence rates (ASIRC and ASIRW were 85.48/105, 82.54/105). The crude cancer incidence rate in males was higher than that of females. The crude cancer incidence rate reached its peak at the age range of 75-79 years for the overall population, males or females. The top three cancers in terms of crude incidence in the overall population were liver cancer, lung cancer and nasopharynx cancer.
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are increasingly prevalent in Chinese residents, and are happening younger and younger, which have become a major threat to population health.
To analyze the characteristics and trends of premature deaths due to major NCDs among Shenzhen permanent residents aged 30-69 from 2014 to 2020, providing a basis for the formulation of chronic disease prevention and control policies.
The cause-of-death data of Shenzhen permanent residents (30-69 years old) came from the all-cause-of-death surveillance system operated by the Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The causes were classified into four major NCDs including cancer (C00-C97), diabetes (E10-E14), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (I00-I99), and chronic respiratory disease (J30-J98) in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Crude mortality, age-standardized mortality and probability of premature death were used for analyzing deaths due to the four above-mentioned NCDs. The annual percentage change (APC) was used to measure the temporal trend of each index.
During 2014-2020, no significant changes were found in the overall trends of crude mortality and age-standardized mortality of the four major NCDs (APC=-2.70%, P>0.05; APC=-2.00%, P>0.05), while the proportion of deaths due to the four major NCDs of all deaths (76.58% -82.63%) showed a significantly increasing trend (APC=1.20%, P <0.05). To be specific, the trend of crude mortality of cancer (APC=-1.90%, -0.90%; P>0.05), diabetes (APC=3.80%, 2.20%; P>0.05) and chronic respiratory diseases (APC=-1.30%, -0.60%; P>0.05) changed insignificantly, so did the trend of age-standardized mortality of them, while the crude mortality and age-standardized mortality (34.22%-48.85%) of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases showed a notable decrease (APC=-4.70%, -4.60%; P<0.05). In women, the crude mortality and age-standardized mortality of diabetes demonstrated a notable decrease (APC=-17.00%, -17.00%; P<0.05), so did those of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (APC=-7.10%, -6.10%; P<0.05). The probability of premature death caused by the four major NCDs during the period fluctuated from 10.17 to 12.45%, but with no significant changes (P>0.05). But the trend in the probability of premature death caused by cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease showed an obvious decrease (APC=-5.10%, P<0.05). The probability of premature death from diabetes and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in women decreased (APC=-18.70%, -5.40%; P<0.05). The probability of premature death caused by the four major NCDs in males ranged from 12.78% to 17.09%, which was higher than that (6.59% to 8.13%) in females.
The crude mortality, age-standardized mortality and probability of premature death caused by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease among Shenzhen permanent residents showed a decreasing trend during 2014-2020. In particular, the crude mortality and age-standardized mortality and probability of premature death of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and diabetes among females declined significantly. The probability of premature death of the four major chronic diseases fluctuated between 12.78%-17.09% in males and 6.59%-8.13% in females. The probability of premature death of the four major chronic diseases in males was higher than that in females.
