In recent years, China has made significant progress in the field of primary healthcare services. However, the evaluation system for the quality of primary healthcare services remains incomplete. In particular, there is a lack of standardized patient satisfaction measurement tools from the patient's perspective. Although the European Task Force on Patient Evaluation of General Practice (EUROPEP) is widely used internationally, its reliability and validity when applied to urban primary healthcare institutions in China still requires thorough validation.

The aim of this study was to use EUROPEP assessment data from patients in urban areas of Beijing to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese localized version of EUROPEP, to verify its applicability in the field of primary healthcare services in Chinese cities, and to provide a basis for managers when selecting patient satisfaction survey tools for primary healthcare institutions.

From January to June 2025, nine community health centers in central urban districts of Beijing were randomly selected. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 50 to 60 outpatients attending general practice clinics at each center. A total of 480 questionnaires were distributed, and 472 valid responses were obtained. Cronbach's α was used to assess the reliability of the localized EUROPEP. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to evaluate construct validity, including model fit indices, convergent validity, discriminant validity [fornell-larcker criterion and heterotrait-monotrait ratio of correlations (HTMT)], and measurement invariance testing (multi-group CFA, MGCFA). Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess criterion-related validity.

The Cronbach's α coefficient for the total scale was 0.977, with values for each dimension ranging from 0.903 to 0.941, indicating excellent reliability. CFA indicated good model fit: χ²/df=3.058, RMSEA=0.078, SRMR=0.034, GFI=0.854, NFI=0.923, CFI=0.946, TLI=0.947, IFI=0.947. Convergent validity was excellent, with all standardized factor loadings exceeding 0.500 (0.744-0.936), all AVE values exceeding 0.500 (0.723-0.803), and all CR values exceeding 0.700 (0.904-0.942). The HTMT supported good discriminant validity (all <0.90), although correlations between some dimensions were relatively high. MGCFA indicated that scale scores showed measurement invariance across groups of different genders, ages, education levels, household registration types, chronic disease statuses, and family doctor contract statuses (ΔCFI≤0.01 and ΔRMSEA≤0.015). The EUROPEP total score was significantly positively correlated with the single-item patient satisfaction score (ρ=0.783, P<0.001), indicating good criterion-related validity.

EUROPEP has demonstrated good reliability and validity in patient satisfaction assessments within the field of primary healthcare services in Chinese cities, providing contextual evidence of its cross-cultural applicability in this setting. It offers managers of primary healthcare institutions a validated, standardized tool for measuring patient satisfaction.

近年来，我国基层卫生健康服务领域已取得了长足进展，但基层医疗服务质量评估体系尚不完善，特别是在患者视域下缺乏标准化的患者满意度测量工具。欧洲全科医疗服务患者评价量表（EUROPEP）虽然在国际上广泛应用，但其应用于我国城市基层卫生健康服务机构的信度和效度仍需得到有效验证。

本研究旨在基于北京市城区患者EUROPEP测评数据，对该量表本土化版本进行信度和效度检验，验证其在我国城市基层卫生健康服务领域的适用性，为管理者选择基层卫生健康服务机构患者满意度调查工具提供依据。

于2025年1—6月随机抽取北京市中心城区9家社区卫生服务中心，每个中心便利抽取50~60例就诊患者进行问卷调查，共发放问卷480份，回收有效问卷472份。采用Cronbach's α系数评价本土化版本EUROPEP的信度，采用验证性因子分析（CFA）评价结构效度，包括模型拟合、聚合效度、区分效度[Fornell-Larcker准则、异质-同质相关比率（HTMT）]、多群组验证性因子分析（MGCFA）。采用Spearman秩相关分析评价校标关联效度。

总量表Cronbach's α系数为0.977，各维度Cronbach's α系数为0.903~0.941，提示信度优秀。CFA模型拟合指标卡方自由度比值（χ²/df）=3.058，渐进残差均方和平方根（RMSEA）=0.078，标准化均方根误差（SRMR）=0.034，拟合优度指数（GFI）=0.854，规范拟合指数（NFI）=0.923，比较拟合指数（CFI）=0.946，Tucker-Lewis指数（TLI）=0.947，增值适配指数（IFI）=0.947，提示模型拟合整体较为理想。标准化因子载荷均>0.500（0.744~0.936），平均方差提取值（AVE）均>0.500（0.723~0.803），组合信度（CR）值均>0.700（0.904~0.942），提示聚合效度优秀。HTMT值均<0.90，支持区分效度良好，部分维度间相关性较高。MGCFA表明量表评分在不同性别、年龄、文化程度、户籍类型、慢性病患病状况及家庭医生签约状态人群中均具有测量等值性（ΔCFI≤0.01且ΔRMSEA≤0.015）。校标关联效度良好，EUROPEP总分与单项患者满意度条目得分呈显著正相关（ρ=0.783，P<0.001）。

EUROPEP中国本土化版在我国城市基层卫生健康服务领域患者满意度测评中显示出较为良好的信度和效度，为该量表的跨文化适用性提供了中国城市基层卫生健康服务领域情境证据，为基层卫生健康服务机构管理者提供了可供选择的、经过验证的标准化患者满意度测量工具。