As the main cause of death in the world, the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases are increasing year by year. Chronic inflammation of circulatory system is common in middle-aged and older people, which is closely related to the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. Dyslipidemia is also one of the age-specific cardiovascular risk factors. Exercise has attracted much attention as an important intervention method, among which resistance training can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged and older people, but the regulation effect of inflammation and dyslipidemia is still controversial.

To explore the effect of resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged and older people, and to provide a basis for formulating exercise prescriptions for middle-aged and elderly people.

PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full-text Database were retrieve by computer for randomized controlled trials on the effects of resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged and older people published from the date of establishment to 2021-08-31. The retrieved literatures were screened and data extracted, including the first author, the year of publication, general characteristics of the study population, resistance training protocols and outcome indicators. The bias risk assessment tool of Cochrane system evaluation manual was used to evaluate the bias risk of literature. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software, including the statistics of combined effect size, heterogeneity test, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis. Publication bias of included studies was analyzed using Stata 16.0 software, using Egger's test.

Fifteen papers with 476 observations were included. Meta-analysis showed that, resistance training were superior to control group in decreasing C-reactive protein〔SMD (95%CI) =-0.67 (-0.89, -0.46) , P<0.01〕, total cholesterol〔SMD (95%CI) =-0.37 (-0.66, -0.08) , P=0.01〕, triglyceride〔SMD (95%CI) =-0.29 (-0.53, -0.05) , P=0.02〕, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol〔SMD (95%CI) =-0.37 (-0.67, -0.06) , P=0.02〕 and improving high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels〔SMD (95%CI) =0.33 (0.09, 0.57) , P<0.01〕. Subgroup analysis showed that C-reactive protein and total cholesterol levels were lower in the resistance training group than in the control group at training duration ≤12 weeks, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05) . In both the training intensity of high intensity and the chronic disease population, C-reactive protein levels were lower in the resistance training group than in the control group and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05) .

Resistance training has been shown to be effective in reducing cardiovascular risk factors, reducing chronic inflammation and improving dyslipidaemia in the middle-aged and older population.

心血管系统疾病作为全球主要死亡原因，患病率和死亡率逐年升高。中老年人群普遍存在循环系统慢性炎性反应，与多种心血管疾病的发病密切相关，脂质异常也是其年龄特异性的心血管危险因素之一。运动作为重要的干预手段备受关注，其中抗阻运动可以降低中老年人群心血管疾病风险，但对于炎性反应、血脂异常的调节效果尚存争议。

探究抗阻运动对中老年人群心血管危险因素的影响，为中老年运动处方的制订提供一定依据。

计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane、EmBase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库，获取发表时间为建库至2021-08-31的关于抗阻运动对中老年人心血管危险因素影响的随机对照研究。对检索到的文献进行筛选和数据提取，包括第一作者及年份、研究对象的一般特征、抗阻运动方案和结局指标。采用Cochrane系统评价手册偏倚风险评估工具对文献的偏倚风险进行评价。使用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析，包括合并效应量的统计、异质性检验、敏感性分析、亚组分析。纳入研究的发表偏倚使用Stata 16.0软件进行分析，采用Egger's检验法。

共计纳入15篇文献，476例观察对象。Meta分析结果显示，与对照组比较，抗阻运动组C反应蛋白〔SMD（95%CI）=-0.67（-0.89，-0.46），P<0.01〕、总胆固醇〔SMD（95%CI）=-0.37（-0.66，-0.08），P=0.01〕、三酰甘油〔SMD（95%CI）=-0.29（-0.53，-0.05），P=0.02〕、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇〔SMD（95%CI）=-0.37（-0.67，-0.06），P=0.02〕水平降低，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高〔SMD（95%CI）=0.33（0.09，0.57），P<0.01〕。亚组分析结果显示，运动周期≤12周时，抗阻运动组C反应蛋白、总胆固醇水平低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；运动强度为高强度及在慢性病人群中，抗阻运动组C反应蛋白水平低于对照组，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。

抗阻运动对降低中老年人群心血管危险因素、减轻慢性炎性反应、改善血脂异常有较好的效果。