Abstract: Background　The ever increasing health demand in the 21st century have brought significant new challenges to the development of primary health care.Therefore，there is a urgent need for the development and training of high-level general practitioners in order to improve the level of community-based general practice.Objective　To understand the current status and expectations of general practice in community health service centers，and to explore strategies for the construction of community-based general practice.Methods　A total of 51 general administrators from 10 community health service centers（Dinghai Community Health Service Center，Sanlin Community Health Service Center，Shiquan Community Health Service Center，Anting Community Health Service Center，Daqiao Community Health Service Center，Gonghexin Community Health Service Center，Lujiazui Community Health Service Center，Zhenru Community Health Service Center，Nanxiang Community Health Service Center，Pengpu Community Health Service Center） were surveyed from July to August 2018.Self-designed questionnaires were sent out via e-mail to conduct the survey.The questionnaire mainly included the investment and development expectation of community general practice（clinical medicine，scientific research，teaching staff，international exchange），training and exchange expectation of community-based general practitioners，and expectation of its support platform.Results　A total of 51 valid questionnaires were received，with a 100.0% response rate.，Among 51 administrators，37 were administrative leaders and 14 general managers.Investment in scientific research management，international exchange plan，international exchange and the establishment of international exchange platform were all lower than 50% in the actual investment of community-based general practice，whereas the investment in other sectors exceeded 80%.The development expectations of other fields exceeded 80.0% except that the development expectations of international exchanges were about 60%.In terms of clinical training，a total of eight community health service centers have already set up clinical skills training centers or similar centers for general practitioners.In terms of the expectations of clinical training，45（88.2%） managers believed that at least two clinical training sessions should be organized every quarter，and 34（66.7%） managers believed that each training session should be conducted within 1-2 hours.In terms of scientific research management，a total of nine community health service centers have already set up incubation mechanism or platforms for scientific research in order to assist general practitioners in carrying out community based scientific research.In terms of teaching staff and international exchange，a total of nine community health service centers have acquired the management capability of training teachers，but only two have created international exchange programs.According to the survey on the expected exchange channels and time，a total of 21（41.2%） administrators expected the teachers' international exchange channels to be sent by universities，and 31（60.8%） administrators expected international exchange time period to be limited to 2-4 weeks.In terms of the supporting platform for general practice，a total of 35（68.6%） managers hoped that community health service centers can become affiliated to universities or medical colleges.Conclusion　Managers in community health service centers generally believed that the actual investment and development of community-based general practice has not reached their expectations，while international exchange programs need to be strengthened.In addition，most managers believed that community health service centers should become affiliated to universities or medical colleges in order to significantly improve the medical level of community health care.Therefore，by combining health needs with development characteristics of community medical care，we should give full play to the advantages of colleges and universities，improve the continuation of medical mechanisms，strengthen the management of scientific research and training，so as to cultivate more high-level talents in general practice.

Key words: General practice, Discipline construction, Talent cultivation, Community perspective, Data collection

摘要： 背景　新时代人民日益增长的健康需求给基层医疗发展带来了新的挑战，培养高层次全科医学人才、提高社区全科医学水平迫在眉睫。目的　调查社区卫生服务中心全科医学学科建设现状及期望，探讨社区全科医学学科建设的优化对策。方法　2018年7—8月对前期调研的10家社区卫生服务中心（定海社区卫生服务中心、三林社区卫生服务中心、石泉社区卫生服务中心、安亭社区卫生服务中心、大桥社区卫生服务中心、共和新路社区卫生服务中心、陆家嘴社区卫生服务中心、真如社区卫生服务中心、南翔镇社区卫生服务中心、彭浦新村社区卫生服务中心）51名管理人员进行回访。采用自行设计的问卷，以发送电子邮件形式进行回访调查。问卷内容主要包括社区全科医学学科（临床医疗、科学研究、教学师资、国际交流）的投入建设情况和发展期望、社区全科医生培训及交流期望情况及社区全科医学支撑平台的期望情况。结果　共发放调查问卷51份，回收有效问卷51份，有效回收率100.0%。51名管理人员中，管理干部37人，全科医学干事14人。在社区全科医学学科实际的投入建设中，专人负责科研管理、制定国际交流计划、专人负责国际交流以及搭建国际交流平台方面投入建设程度均不足50%；其他方面投入建设程度超过80%。在社区全科医学学科的发展期望中，除专人负责国际交流的发展期望为60%左右，其他方面的发展期望均超过80%。在社区临床培训方面，8家社区卫生服务中心建设了临床实训中心或类似中心，用于全科医生的临床技能培训。通过对临床培训次数和时间的期望调查，45名（88.2%）管理者认为每季度至少组织2次临床培训，34名（66.7%）认为每次培训应在1~2 h。在社区科研管理方面，9家社区卫生服务中心配套了科研项目孵化机制或平台，用于帮助全科医生开展社区科研。在社区教学师资和国际交流建设方面，9家社区卫生服务中心均有教学师资管理机制，但仅有2家建设了国际交流项目渠道。通过对师资国际交流期望渠道和交流期望时间调查，21名（41.2%）管理者期望师资国际交流渠道为大学合作派遣，31名（60.8%）管理者希望每次国际交流时间控制在2~4周。对于全科医学学科建设支撑平台，35名（68.6%）管理者希望社区卫生服务中心可以成为高校或高校医学院附属社区卫生服务中心。结论　社区卫生服务中心管理人员普遍认为社区全科医学学科建设实际投入情况未达到期望，其中国际交流方面亟需加强；此外，多数管理者认为社区卫生服务中心成为高校或高校医学院的附属单位是显著提高社区医疗水平的新突破点。因此，应结合社区医疗的发展特点和健康需求，发挥高校优势，完善延续医疗机制，加强科研培养管理，从而培养更多高层次全科人才。

关键词: 全科医学, 学科建设, 人才培养, 社区视角, 数据收集