Abstract: Background　Most married employees born after 1980 already had one child.Will they decide to have a second child under the current comprehensive two-child fertility policy？Will their gender preference（GP）and living children's sex composition（LCSC）affect the second child fertility plan？Objective　To investigate the influence of GP and LCSC on the second child fertility plan，so as to provide new ideas for studying the mechanism of social psychological factors on fertility intention and childbearing behavior.Methods　Current research design and cluster sampling method was used to analyze 599 married and fertilized employees who were born from January 1 1980 to January 1 1990 and worked in 5 governmental units and 5 enterprises in Yinchuan from November 2016 to November 2017.Quantitative questionnaires were used to collect data，including basic personal and family information and GP for children；actual reproductive behavior of subjects （the number and gender of children already born），and birth planning of subjects （whether they intend to have another child）．Results　Of 599 married occupational groups who were born after 1980 in urban population，245（40.90%） had plans to have a second child，234（39.07%） did not want to have another child，and 120（20.03%） have not decided yet.There were significant differences in GP，and GP and LCSC consistency （χ2=21.020，P<0.001；χ2=22.499，P<0.001）．There were no significant differences in ethnic groups，household registration，educational level，work units and posts（P>0.05），and there were significant differences in gender，monthly income and only-child condition（P<0.05）．The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that those with inconsistent GP and LCSC，male，undergraduate or above education level would like to bear another children （P<0.05）；those with GP and LCSC consistency，who earned less than 3 000 yuan monthly had not decided whether to bear two children （P<0.05）．Conclusion　Besides social demographic factors，the decision whether to have a second child among married and fertilized employees who were born after 1980 was also influenced by GP and LCSC.

Key words: Family planning services, Gender preference, Living children's sex composition, New two-child policy

摘要： 背景　“80后”职业群体大多已生育一胎，在当前全面二孩生育政策下，该群体是否均将进行二胎计划？该群体对子女的性别偏好（GP）、存活子女的性别构成（LCSC）是否会影响其二胎生育计划？目的　同步观察GP、LCSC对二孩生育计划的影响，为研究社会心理因素对生育意愿和生育行为的影响机制提供新思路。方法　2016年11月—2017年11月，采用现况研究设计、整群抽样方法在银川市5家事业单位和5家企业单位调查出生日期为1980-01-01至1990-01-01的在职人员，对其中已婚育一孩的599例进行分析。采用定量调查问卷收集数据，问卷内容包括调查对象的个人及家庭基本情况及对子女的GP；调查对象的实际生育行为（已生育子女的数量和性别）；调查对象的生育计划（是否计划生育二孩）。结果　599例“80后”已婚育的城市职业人群中，245例（40.90%）计划生育二孩，234例（39.07%）不想再要二孩，120例（20.03%）没想好。不同GP、GP与LCSC一致性二孩生育计划比较，差异均有统计学意义（χ2=21.020，P<0.001；χ2=22.499，P<0.001）。不同民族、户籍、文化程度、工作单位、岗位者二孩生育计划比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；不同性别、月经济收入、独生子女者二孩生育计划比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，GP和LCSC不一致、男性、本科及以上文化程度者计划生育二孩（P<0.05）；GP和LCSC一致、月经济收入<3 000元/月者没想好是否生育二孩（P<0.05）。结论　除基本人口学因素外，GP和LCSC也会影响“80后”已婚育城市职业人群做出生育二孩抉择。

关键词: 计划生育服务；性别偏好；存活子女的性别构成；&ldquo, 全面二孩&rdquo, 政策