Primary care physicians in community settings face numerous challenges when making medication decisions for patients with multimorbidity. Enhancing their decision-making capabilities through training is an important way to address these challenges. However, there is a dearth of in-depth research on the training needs of primary care physicians in the context of medication decision-making for multimorbidity.

This study aims to explore the challenge physicians encountered in medication decision-making for patients with multimorbidity and their needs for training content and modalities, providing a reference for designing the training courses for the abilities enhancement.

From October 5th to December 21st in 2023, physicians from community health care centers in Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jiaxing, Shenzhen, and Shanghai were recruited for in-depth interviews following the principle of purposive sampling and maximum variation, which focus on the content and formats of training to enhance medication decision-making abilities. Two researchers transcribed and coded the interviews independently, and content analysis was performed on the interview data.

A total of 20 Physicians completed the interviews and 15 were females, mean age were (38.5±3.0) years. Based on the challenges faced by primary care physicians in the medication decision-making for multimorbidity, the training should cover four aspects: evaluation of medication therapy, rational selection of medication, doctor-patient communication and shared decision-making, medication education and follow-up. In terms of training form, primary care physicians are willing to accept flexible and multiple teaching approaches, and prefer case-based training that aligns with community health needs.

Primary care physicians have clear training needs of medication decision-making for patients with multimorbidity. The results of this study provide a theoretical reference for the development of training courses, which adapt to the working environment and actual requirements of primary care physicians.

社区全科医生为慢性病共病患者做出药物治疗决策时面临诸多挑战，通过开展培训提升其决策能力是应对挑战的重要方式。然而，目前对于社区全科医生的慢性病共病药物治疗决策培训需求缺乏深入研究。

了解社区全科医生在开展慢性病共病药物治疗决策时面临的困难，以及其在慢性病共病药物治疗决策能力提升方面的培训需求，为设计相关培训课程提供参考依据。

于2023-10-05至2023-12-21，采用目的性抽样方法和最大差异原则，招募杭州市、宁波市、嘉兴市、深圳市、上海市社区卫生服务中心的全科医生进行深度访谈，访谈主题围绕社区全科医生在慢性病共病药物治疗决策培训上的内容及形式需求开展。访谈内容由2名研究者独立转录和编码，并对访谈资料进行内容分析。

共有20名社区全科医生完成访谈，15名为女性，平均年龄为（38.5±3.0）岁。基于社区全科医生当前面临的共病药物治疗决策问题，对其开展的培训内容应涵盖药物治疗评估、药物合理选择、医患沟通与共同决策、用药教育与随访4个方面。在培训形式上，社区全科医生愿意接受灵活多样的授课途径，且更为认可基于案例和结合社区医疗需求的培训方法。

社区全科医生对慢性病共病用药决策能力存在明确的培训需求，本研究结果可以为培训课程的构建提供理论参照，可助力培训更适应社区全科医生的工作环境与实际需求。