Abstract: Objective　To investigate the prevalence of hypertension，its awareness rate，medication taking rate and control rate in Jiangxi Province，and to understand the current situation of the application of antihypertensive drugs and the blood pressure control among hypertension patients.Methods　Using the simple random sampling（SRS） method，four cities in urban areas and four counties in rural areas were randomly selected，in which two districts or two townships were selected.Then，three communities or villages were selected within each district and township respectively.In these areas，a total of 15 364 participants who were 15 years or older and lived in Jiangxi Province for at least 6 months were selected from November 2013 to August 2014.Current situation of hypertension and its medication taking were recorded by questionnaires to calculate the prevalence rate of hypertension，its awareness rate，medication taking rate，overall control rate，and blood pressure control rate after taking medicine.And a physical examination including blood pressure measurement was carried out.Results　The prevalence rate of hypertension among 15 years or older population in Jiangxi Province was 29.0%（4 436/15 296） and standardized rate was 14.1%（China's population standardized rate in 2010）．The awareness rate，medication taking rate，and overall control rate of hypertension patients were 64.8%（2 875/4 436），27.6%（1 223/4 436），and 12.6%（561/4 436） respectively.Moreover，the control rate after taking medicine in patients who took the medicine was 45.9%（561/1 223）．The prevalence rate of hypertension，its awareness rate，medication taking rate，and overall control rate of participants in urban areas were higher than those in rural areas，while the control rate after taking medicine in urban areas was lower than that in rural areas（P<0.05）．The systolic blood pressure（SBP），diastolic blood pressure（DBP） and pulse pressure（PP） of patients who took the medicine were significantly lower than those who did not take the medicine（P<0.05）．Among patients with hypertension，75.1%（918
/1 223）of patients were single drug users and 12.7%（155/1 223） of patients used two-drug combinations.There is no significant difference in the control rate after taking medicine in hypertensive patients with different ways of taking medicine（χ2=2.692，P=0.611）．The control rate after taking medicine of patients using two-drug combinations in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas（χ2=4.262，P=0.039）．Among single drug users，76.1%（699/918） of patients took calcium channel blockers（CCB），and 18.6%（171/918） of patients took angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitors（ACEI）．No significant difference was observed in the control rate after taking medicine among patients using different single drugs（χ2=6.779，P=0.148）．Among patients who took CCB，39.9%（279/699）of patients took Nitrendipine and 24.7%（173/699） of patients took Amlodipine Benzenesulfonate.There was no statistical difference in the control rate after taking medicine among patients using different CCB（χ2=3.995，P=0.407）．Likewise，among patients who took ACEI，76.6%（131/171） of patients took Captopril and 12.9%（22/171）of patients took Enalapril.There was no statistical difference in the control rate after taking medicine among patients using different ACEI（χ2=2.241，P=0.524）．Conclusion　Patients with hypertension are mainly treated with short-acting antihypertensive drugs，and the medicine taking rate is low as well as the overall control rate in Jiangxi Province.Hypertension patients in both rural and urban areas need to improve their medical awareness and the government needs to increase investment to meet the demands of medicine taking.

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关键词: 高血压, 患病率, 知晓率, 服药率, 控制率