Burden of disease measurement based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) codes have been widely used worldwide. However, most of the current studies are based on Western medical codes of ICD. As the internationalization of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) , the inclusion of TCM codes in ICD-11 will facilitate the improvement of TCM disease diagnosis, the calculation of prevalence, survival, medication use, and treatment levels of TCM disease, which can further evaluate the disease burden of TCM diseases, promote medical decision making and rational allocation of health resources, thus further promoting the internationalization of TCM. However, the imperfection of TCM codes in ICD-11 and inadequate mapping between it and Western medicine codes, our national standards for TCM has also brought new challenges to the measurement of TCM disease burden. Based on the coding system of disease burden, this paper reviewed the deficiencies in the current research on the calculation of disease burden of TCM, and the impact of ICD-11 inclusion of TCM codes on the calculation of disease burden of TCM, made a preliminary comparison among the TCM codes and Western medical codes in ICD-11 and new national standard codes in China, to provide reference for the improvement of the calculation and coding of TCM disease burden. It is proposed that in the future, big data technologies can be used to facilitate the mapping between standardized TCM terms and ICD-11 TCM codes, ICD-11 TCM codes and Western medical codes, thus facilitating research on the burden of disease in TCM.

基于国际疾病和相关健康问题分类（ICD）编码的疾病负担测算在全球已得到广泛应用，但是目前该类研究多基于西医疾病编码。随着中医药国际化程度的提高，ICD-11纳入传统医学编码，有利于促进中医疾病诊断的完善，利于计算患病率、生存率、服药情况、救治水平，可进一步评价中医病种的疾病负担情况，促进临床诊疗决策及卫生资源的合理配置，从而进一步促进中医药的国际化。但是，ICD-11中传统医学编码不完善，和西医疾病编码、我国中医国家标准之间的映射不足对中医疾病负担测算带来新的挑战。本文立足于疾病负担测算的编码体系，分析了当前中医疾病负担测算研究中的不足、ICD-11纳入传统医学编码后对中医疾病负担测算的影响，并对ICD-11传统医学编码和西医疾病编码、我国新国家标准进行了初步比较，为未来中医疾病负担的测算编码的完善提供参考。提出未来可利用大数据技术促进中医标准化术语和ICD-11传统医学编码、ICD-11传统医学编码和西医疾病编码之间的映射，从而促进中医疾病负担的研究。