Chinese General Practice ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (09): 1054-1061.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.02.022
Special Issue: 内分泌代谢性疾病最新文章合集
• Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Reducing the Risk of Adverse Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Who are Poorly Treated with Metformin Combined with Acarbose:Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor is Better Than Insulin
SU Peng1,LIU Yukun2,LIANG Xiaohua3,LIU Xin3,YU Yaohui1,HUANG Pengfei1,BAI Yuru3,HE Xiaoyan3,SHEN Zhihong3,MA Dong1*
Received:
2021-11-22
Revised:
2022-01-10
Published:
2022-03-20
Online:
2022-03-01
通讯作者:
马冬
基金资助:
CLC Number:
SU Peng, LIU Yukun, LIANG Xiaohua, LIU Xin, YU Yaohui, HUANG Pengfei, BAI Yuru, HE Xiaoyan, SHEN Zhihong, MA Dong.
Reducing the Risk of Adverse Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Who are Poorly Treated with Metformin Combined with Acarbose:Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor is Better Than Insulin [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25(09): 1054-1061.
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URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.02.022
项目 | 倾向性评分匹配前 | 倾向性评分匹配后 | 标准化差异值 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Met+Aca+Ins组(n=1 089) | Met+Aca+DPP-4i组(n=481) | Met+Aca+Ins组(n=434) | Met+Aca+DPP-4i组(n=434) | 倾向性评分匹配前 | 倾向性评分匹配后 | 加权后 | ||
性别〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
男 | 633(58.13) | 287(59.67) | 252(58.06) | 254(58.53) | 0.031 | 0.009 | 0.012 | |
女 | 456(41.87) | 194(40.33) | 182(41.93) | 180(41.47) | 0.031 | 0.009 | 0.012 | |
年龄(![]() | 60.6±12.8 | 61.2±11.2 | 61.6±11.4 | 61.3±11.1 | 0.057 | 0.032 | 0.020 | |
年龄〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
18~45岁 | 120(11.02) | 21(4.37) | 19(4.38) | 20(4.61) | 0.252 | 0.011 | 0.003 | |
46~64岁 | 372(34.16) | 194(40.33) | 165(38.02) | 172(39.63) | 0.128 | 0.033 | 0.001 | |
≥65岁 | 597(54.82) | 266(55.30) | 250(57.60) | 242(55.76) | 0.010 | 0.037 | 0.001 | |
身高(![]() | 1.67±0.08 | 1.67±0.08 | 1.67±0.08 | 1.67±0.08 | 0.060 | 0.007 | 0.018 | |
体质量(![]() | 73.2±10.6 | 71.8±11.4 | 72.2±10.7 | 71.8±11.3 | 0.123 | 0.026 | 0.020 | |
BMI(![]() | 26.2±3.2 | 25.6±3.1 | 25.7±3.1 | 25.6±3.1 | 0.198 | 0.032 | 0.032 | |
BMI〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
18.5~<24.0 kg/m2 | 222(20.39) | 139(28.90) | 118(27.19) | 119(27.42) | 0.199 | 0.005 | 0.010 | |
24.0~<28.0 kg/m2 | 582(53.44) | 242(50.31) | 222(51.15) | 224(51.61) | 0.063 | 0.009 | 0.012 | |
≥28.0 kg/m2 | 285(26.17) | 100(20.79) | 94(21.66) | 91(20.97) | 0.127 | 0.017 | 0.024 | |
收缩压(![]() | 134±18 | 133±17 | 134±18 | 133±17 | 0.067 | 0.040 | 0.022 | |
舒张压(![]() | 80±11 | 80±10 | 80±10 | 80±10 | 0.025 | 0.005 | 0.024 | |
总胆固醇(![]() | 4.75±1.23 | 4.72±1.21 | 4.75±1.23 | 4.75±1.23 | 0.025 | 0.004 | 0.007 | |
高密度脂蛋白(![]() | 1.18±0.29 | 1.20±0.28 | 1.20±0.30 | 1.19±0.28 | 0.042 | 0.024 | 0.014 | |
低密度脂蛋白(![]() | 2.68±0.89 | 2.60±0.85 | 2.66±0.83 | 2.62±0.86 | 0.100 | 0.048 | 0.019 | |
载脂蛋白A1(![]() | 1.15±0.61 | 1.15±0.30 | 1.15±0.29 | 1.15±0.30 | 0.013 | 0.004 | 0.013 | |
载脂蛋白B(![]() | 0.81±0.40 | 0.80±0.33 | 0.81±0.36 | 0.80±0.34 | 0.031 | 0.014 | 0.004 | |
尿素氮(![]() | 5.40±1.69 | 5.44±1.87 | 5.49±1.80 | 5.42±1.66 | 0.022 | 0.039 | 0.006 | |
尿酸(![]() | 283.23±89.12 | 287.56±91.65 | 289.09±91.29 | 284.61±89.85 | 0.048 | 0.049 | 0.002 | |
血清白蛋白(![]() | 41.67±4.72 | 42.27±4.60 | 42.27±4.25 | 42.08±4.62 | 0.130 | 0.042 | 0.028 | |
血清免疫球蛋白(![]() | 26.47±4.77 | 26.27±4.82 | 26.35±4.63 | 26.30±4.87 | 0.042 | 0.010 | 0.001 | |
内生肌酐清除率(![]() | 93.99±31.52 | 94.74±33.81 | 93.47±31.00 | 92.49±27.57 | 0.023 | 0.033 | 0.021 | |
糖化血红蛋白(![]() | 9.46±2.01 | 8.89±1.91 | 9.03±1.84 | 9.05±1.90 | 0.291 | 0.006 | 0.020 | |
糖尿病病程(![]() | 9.82±7.25 | 9.50±7.10 | 9.58±7.21 | 9.74±7.25 | 0.045 | 0.021 | 0.020 | |
糖尿病病程〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
≤5年 | 376(34.53) | 158(32.85) | 149(34.33) | 138(31.80) | 0.036 | 0.054 | 0.012 | |
>5~≤10年 | 306(28.10) | 162(33.68) | 138(31.80) | 142(32.72) | 0.121 | 0.020 | 0.015 | |
>10年 | 407(37.37) | 161(33.47) | 147(33.87) | 154(35.48) | 0.082 | 0.034 | 0.026 | |
睡眠时间(![]() | 6.81±1.21 | 7.07±2.79 | 6.98±1.18 | 7.05±2.93 | 0.123 | 0.031 | 0.002 | |
睡眠时间〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
<7 h/d | 455(41.78) | 136(28.27) | 140(32.26) | 134(30.88) | 0.286 | 0.030 | 0.007 | |
≥7 h/d | 634(58.22) | 345(71.73) | 294(67.74) | 300(69.12) | 0.286 | 0.030 | 0.007 | |
吸烟〔n(%)〕 | 264(24.24) | 98(20.37) | 345(79.50) | 341(78.57) | 0.093 | 0.023 | 0.028 | |
药物使用情况〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
仅使用降压药 | 606(55.65) | 345(71.73) | 258(59.45) | 252(58.06) | 0.052 | 0.028 | 0.012 | |
仅使用降脂药 | 324(29.75) | 142(29.52) | 132(30.41) | 123(28.34) | 0.005 | 0.046 | 0.015 | |
同时使用降压、降脂药 | 408(37.47) | 192(39.92) | 178(41.01) | 165(38.02) | 0.050 | 0.061 | 0.034 | |
合并症 | ||||||||
高脂血症〔n(%)〕 | 217(19.93) | 80(16.63) | 70(16.13) | 79(18.20) | 0.085 | 0.055 | 0.020 | |
冠心病〔n(%)〕 | 364(33.43) | 157(32.64) | 145(33.41) | 147(33.87) | 0.017 | 0.010 | 0.002 | |
下肢动脉硬化栓塞〔n(%)〕 | 40(3.67) | 14(2.91) | 15(3.46) | 13(3.00) | 0.043 | 0.026 | 0.022 | |
低蛋白血症〔n(%)〕 | 6(0.55) | 5(1.04) | 2(0.46) | 4(0.92) | 0.055 | 0.056 | 0.006 | |
心力衰竭〔n(%)〕 | 3(0.28) | 1(0.21) | 1(0.23) | 1(0.23) | 0.014 | <0.001 | 0.026 | |
心血管疾病家族史〔n(%)〕 | 64(5.88) | 30(6.24) | 23(5.30) | 27(6.22) | 0.015 | 0.040 | 0.003 |
Table 1 Comparison of clinical data of patients in two groups before and after PSM
项目 | 倾向性评分匹配前 | 倾向性评分匹配后 | 标准化差异值 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Met+Aca+Ins组(n=1 089) | Met+Aca+DPP-4i组(n=481) | Met+Aca+Ins组(n=434) | Met+Aca+DPP-4i组(n=434) | 倾向性评分匹配前 | 倾向性评分匹配后 | 加权后 | ||
性别〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
男 | 633(58.13) | 287(59.67) | 252(58.06) | 254(58.53) | 0.031 | 0.009 | 0.012 | |
女 | 456(41.87) | 194(40.33) | 182(41.93) | 180(41.47) | 0.031 | 0.009 | 0.012 | |
年龄(![]() | 60.6±12.8 | 61.2±11.2 | 61.6±11.4 | 61.3±11.1 | 0.057 | 0.032 | 0.020 | |
年龄〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
18~45岁 | 120(11.02) | 21(4.37) | 19(4.38) | 20(4.61) | 0.252 | 0.011 | 0.003 | |
46~64岁 | 372(34.16) | 194(40.33) | 165(38.02) | 172(39.63) | 0.128 | 0.033 | 0.001 | |
≥65岁 | 597(54.82) | 266(55.30) | 250(57.60) | 242(55.76) | 0.010 | 0.037 | 0.001 | |
身高(![]() | 1.67±0.08 | 1.67±0.08 | 1.67±0.08 | 1.67±0.08 | 0.060 | 0.007 | 0.018 | |
体质量(![]() | 73.2±10.6 | 71.8±11.4 | 72.2±10.7 | 71.8±11.3 | 0.123 | 0.026 | 0.020 | |
BMI(![]() | 26.2±3.2 | 25.6±3.1 | 25.7±3.1 | 25.6±3.1 | 0.198 | 0.032 | 0.032 | |
BMI〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
18.5~<24.0 kg/m2 | 222(20.39) | 139(28.90) | 118(27.19) | 119(27.42) | 0.199 | 0.005 | 0.010 | |
24.0~<28.0 kg/m2 | 582(53.44) | 242(50.31) | 222(51.15) | 224(51.61) | 0.063 | 0.009 | 0.012 | |
≥28.0 kg/m2 | 285(26.17) | 100(20.79) | 94(21.66) | 91(20.97) | 0.127 | 0.017 | 0.024 | |
收缩压(![]() | 134±18 | 133±17 | 134±18 | 133±17 | 0.067 | 0.040 | 0.022 | |
舒张压(![]() | 80±11 | 80±10 | 80±10 | 80±10 | 0.025 | 0.005 | 0.024 | |
总胆固醇(![]() | 4.75±1.23 | 4.72±1.21 | 4.75±1.23 | 4.75±1.23 | 0.025 | 0.004 | 0.007 | |
高密度脂蛋白(![]() | 1.18±0.29 | 1.20±0.28 | 1.20±0.30 | 1.19±0.28 | 0.042 | 0.024 | 0.014 | |
低密度脂蛋白(![]() | 2.68±0.89 | 2.60±0.85 | 2.66±0.83 | 2.62±0.86 | 0.100 | 0.048 | 0.019 | |
载脂蛋白A1(![]() | 1.15±0.61 | 1.15±0.30 | 1.15±0.29 | 1.15±0.30 | 0.013 | 0.004 | 0.013 | |
载脂蛋白B(![]() | 0.81±0.40 | 0.80±0.33 | 0.81±0.36 | 0.80±0.34 | 0.031 | 0.014 | 0.004 | |
尿素氮(![]() | 5.40±1.69 | 5.44±1.87 | 5.49±1.80 | 5.42±1.66 | 0.022 | 0.039 | 0.006 | |
尿酸(![]() | 283.23±89.12 | 287.56±91.65 | 289.09±91.29 | 284.61±89.85 | 0.048 | 0.049 | 0.002 | |
血清白蛋白(![]() | 41.67±4.72 | 42.27±4.60 | 42.27±4.25 | 42.08±4.62 | 0.130 | 0.042 | 0.028 | |
血清免疫球蛋白(![]() | 26.47±4.77 | 26.27±4.82 | 26.35±4.63 | 26.30±4.87 | 0.042 | 0.010 | 0.001 | |
内生肌酐清除率(![]() | 93.99±31.52 | 94.74±33.81 | 93.47±31.00 | 92.49±27.57 | 0.023 | 0.033 | 0.021 | |
糖化血红蛋白(![]() | 9.46±2.01 | 8.89±1.91 | 9.03±1.84 | 9.05±1.90 | 0.291 | 0.006 | 0.020 | |
糖尿病病程(![]() | 9.82±7.25 | 9.50±7.10 | 9.58±7.21 | 9.74±7.25 | 0.045 | 0.021 | 0.020 | |
糖尿病病程〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
≤5年 | 376(34.53) | 158(32.85) | 149(34.33) | 138(31.80) | 0.036 | 0.054 | 0.012 | |
>5~≤10年 | 306(28.10) | 162(33.68) | 138(31.80) | 142(32.72) | 0.121 | 0.020 | 0.015 | |
>10年 | 407(37.37) | 161(33.47) | 147(33.87) | 154(35.48) | 0.082 | 0.034 | 0.026 | |
睡眠时间(![]() | 6.81±1.21 | 7.07±2.79 | 6.98±1.18 | 7.05±2.93 | 0.123 | 0.031 | 0.002 | |
睡眠时间〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
<7 h/d | 455(41.78) | 136(28.27) | 140(32.26) | 134(30.88) | 0.286 | 0.030 | 0.007 | |
≥7 h/d | 634(58.22) | 345(71.73) | 294(67.74) | 300(69.12) | 0.286 | 0.030 | 0.007 | |
吸烟〔n(%)〕 | 264(24.24) | 98(20.37) | 345(79.50) | 341(78.57) | 0.093 | 0.023 | 0.028 | |
药物使用情况〔n(%)〕 | ||||||||
仅使用降压药 | 606(55.65) | 345(71.73) | 258(59.45) | 252(58.06) | 0.052 | 0.028 | 0.012 | |
仅使用降脂药 | 324(29.75) | 142(29.52) | 132(30.41) | 123(28.34) | 0.005 | 0.046 | 0.015 | |
同时使用降压、降脂药 | 408(37.47) | 192(39.92) | 178(41.01) | 165(38.02) | 0.050 | 0.061 | 0.034 | |
合并症 | ||||||||
高脂血症〔n(%)〕 | 217(19.93) | 80(16.63) | 70(16.13) | 79(18.20) | 0.085 | 0.055 | 0.020 | |
冠心病〔n(%)〕 | 364(33.43) | 157(32.64) | 145(33.41) | 147(33.87) | 0.017 | 0.010 | 0.002 | |
下肢动脉硬化栓塞〔n(%)〕 | 40(3.67) | 14(2.91) | 15(3.46) | 13(3.00) | 0.043 | 0.026 | 0.022 | |
低蛋白血症〔n(%)〕 | 6(0.55) | 5(1.04) | 2(0.46) | 4(0.92) | 0.055 | 0.056 | 0.006 | |
心力衰竭〔n(%)〕 | 3(0.28) | 1(0.21) | 1(0.23) | 1(0.23) | 0.014 | <0.001 | 0.026 | |
心血管疾病家族史〔n(%)〕 | 64(5.88) | 30(6.24) | 23(5.30) | 27(6.22) | 0.015 | 0.040 | 0.003 |
终点事件 | 倾向性评分匹配前 | 倾向性评分匹配后 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Met+Aca+Ins组(n=1 089) | Met+Aca+DPP-4i组(n=481) | Met+Aca+Ins组(n=434) | Met+Aca+DPP-4i组(n=434) | ||
综合结局事件 | |||||
发生人数(人) | 233 | 35 | 96 | 35 | |
总生存时间(年) | 1 266.34 | 584.38 | 501.46 | 536.00 | |
中位随访时间(年) | 1.030 | 1.140 | 1.030 | 1.170 | |
发病密度(/100人年) | 18.40 | 5.99 | 19.14 | 6.53 | |
复合非致命性心血管疾病 | |||||
发生人数(人) | 147 | 27 | 54 | 27 | |
总生存时间(年) | 1 323.60 | 584.90 | 521.69 | 536.52 | |
中位随访时间(年) | 1.120 | 1.140 | 1.120 | 1.170 | |
发病密度(/100人年) | 11.11 | 4.62 | 10.35 | 5.03 | |
全因死亡 | |||||
发生人数(人) | 33 | 4 | 22 | 4 | |
总生存时间(年) | 1 478.8 | 595.36 | 580.99 | 546.98 | |
中位随访时间(年) | 1.310 | 1.140 | 1.250 | 1.200 | |
发病密度(/100人年) | 2.23 | 0.67 | 3.79 | 0.73 | |
严重低血糖事件 | |||||
发生人数(人) | 53 | 4 | 20 | 4 | |
总生存时间(年) | 1 421.6 | 594.84 | 560.76 | 546.46 | |
中位随访时间(年) | 1.250 | 1.140 | 1.295 | 1.200 | |
发病密度(/100人年) | 3.73 | 0.67 | 3.57 | 0.73 |
Table 2 Outcome events,overall survival,median follow-up and incidence density of patients in two groups before and after PSM
终点事件 | 倾向性评分匹配前 | 倾向性评分匹配后 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Met+Aca+Ins组(n=1 089) | Met+Aca+DPP-4i组(n=481) | Met+Aca+Ins组(n=434) | Met+Aca+DPP-4i组(n=434) | ||
综合结局事件 | |||||
发生人数(人) | 233 | 35 | 96 | 35 | |
总生存时间(年) | 1 266.34 | 584.38 | 501.46 | 536.00 | |
中位随访时间(年) | 1.030 | 1.140 | 1.030 | 1.170 | |
发病密度(/100人年) | 18.40 | 5.99 | 19.14 | 6.53 | |
复合非致命性心血管疾病 | |||||
发生人数(人) | 147 | 27 | 54 | 27 | |
总生存时间(年) | 1 323.60 | 584.90 | 521.69 | 536.52 | |
中位随访时间(年) | 1.120 | 1.140 | 1.120 | 1.170 | |
发病密度(/100人年) | 11.11 | 4.62 | 10.35 | 5.03 | |
全因死亡 | |||||
发生人数(人) | 33 | 4 | 22 | 4 | |
总生存时间(年) | 1 478.8 | 595.36 | 580.99 | 546.98 | |
中位随访时间(年) | 1.310 | 1.140 | 1.250 | 1.200 | |
发病密度(/100人年) | 2.23 | 0.67 | 3.79 | 0.73 | |
严重低血糖事件 | |||||
发生人数(人) | 53 | 4 | 20 | 4 | |
总生存时间(年) | 1 421.6 | 594.84 | 560.76 | 546.46 | |
中位随访时间(年) | 1.250 | 1.140 | 1.295 | 1.200 | |
发病密度(/100人年) | 3.73 | 0.67 | 3.57 | 0.73 |
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