Abstract: Electronic health record（EHR） is one of the most important means of informatization in the development of community health. On June 20，2018，the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China（formerly the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China） issued relevant documents requiring community health service centers to gradually open EHRs to individuals. To investigate the potential impact and significance，this paper reviewed the history and development of EHRs in community health service centers at home and abroad as well as related research on the implementation of open EHRs to individuals. It was found that the current utilization rate and maintenance rate of EHRs in China are low，and they have not yet played their due value. The future development direction of promoting patients' online access to their EHRs should include health reminders，doctor-patient communication and self-management，which will significantly improve health outcomes，promote patient-centered care and increase patient satisfaction. However，there are still many problems that need solving，such as national policy support，technical and financial support，personnel allocation and information security risks.

摘要： 电子健康档案是社区卫生发展的重要信息化手段之一。2018-06-20，国家卫生健康委员会（原国家卫生和计划生育委员会）相关文件要求社区应逐步推行电子健康档案向个人开放。为探索其可能的影响和意义，本文回顾国内外社区电子健康档案的历史与发展情况，了解关于推行电子健康档案向个人开放的相关研究，发现当前我国电子健康档案利用率低、维护率低，尚未发挥应有的价值。推行电子档案向个人开放，其未来发展的方向包括健康提醒、医患沟通、自我管理等，意义在于改善医疗结局、以患者为中心、提升患者满意度等，但推行电子档案向个人开放仍然需要解决诸多问题，如国家政策支持、技术和资金支持、人员配备及信息安全隐患等。

关键词: 社区卫生服务, 社区卫生服务机构, 全科医学, 电子健康病历