Abstract: Background　Along with rapid urbanization，population ageing and economic growth in China，the burden of common mental health issues such as anxiety and depression disorders is becoming heavier，spurring an increased need for mental health services in Chinese people.Mental health literacy is an important mental health facilitator.But it and its influencing factors have been rarely studied intensively.Objective　To investigate mental health literacy and associated factors in community-dwelling residents from Shanghai，providing evidence for the implementation of community-based mental health services and formulation of mental health policies.Methods　This study was conducted between August and December 2016 based on a cross-sectional design.A self-developed structured questionnaire was used to survey 3 502 residents from three communities，Shanghai，to collect their basic personal data，use of mental health services，core mental health knowledge，and mental health status（assessed by the GAD-7 and PHQ-9），as well as ways for obtaining mental health knowledge.Multiple linear regression was performed to identify the influencing factors for mental health literacy based on the Andersen Healthcare Utilization Model.Results　All the residents returned questionnaires.After excluding 97 who returned unresponsive ones，other 3 405 cases（97.23%） were finally included.The overall rate of correct answers was 59.84%.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the level of mental health literacy was influenced significantly by predisposing factors，including age，education level，occupation，occupational status，religion，and need cognition of community-based mental health services（P<0.05），and enabling factors consisting of annual household income per capita and level of community-based mental health resources availability（P<0.05），but was not by need including anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms（P>0.05）．The major ways to acquire mental health knowledge were watching TV（50.90%），publicity of community-based mental health services（33.69%），guidance from doctors（25.90%） and reading books and newspapers（21.56%）．Conclusion　The mental health literacy level is low in this group of community-dwelling residents，which is mostly affected by predisposing factors such as sociodemographic characteristics and socio-cultural factors，and enabling factors such as level of community-based mental health resources availability and so on，but not significantly associated with the need for improving anxiety and depressive symptoms.This study highlights that mental health propaganda and education should be integrated into community-based health services，and should be more intensified and extensively in priority groups.

Key words: Community mental health services；Mental health；Health knowledge, attitudes, practice；Root causes analysis；Shanghai

摘要： 背景　当前，中国正面临城市化进程加快、人口老龄化、经济高速发展等问题，这也导致焦虑和抑郁等常见精神障碍疾病负担加重，人民群众精神卫生服务需要增加。精神卫生知识知晓水平是精神健康的重要组成部分，但目前对社区居民精神卫生知识知晓水平及影响因素进行深入分析的研究还较少。目的　调查并分析上海市社区居民精神卫生知识知晓水平及影响因素，为开展社区精神卫生工作和制定精神卫生政策提供依据。方法　采用横断面调查并统一设计结构化问卷于2016年8—12月对上海市3个社区3 502例居民进行调查。调查内容包括：个人基本信息及精神卫生服务情况、精神卫生核心知识知晓情况、心理健康状况〔广泛性焦虑量表（GAD-7）中文版和患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）中文版抑郁症状群量表〕及精神卫生知识的获得途径。基于Andersen模型，采用多元线性回归分析精神卫生知识知晓水平的影响因素。结果　本次调查最终获得问卷3 502份，剔除不合格问卷97份，获得有效问卷3 405份，问卷合格率为97.23%。调查人群精神卫生知识总体回答正确率为59.84%。多元线性回归分析显示：倾向性因素中，年龄、文化程度、职业、工作状态、宗教信仰、社区精神卫生服务需要认知是精神卫生知识知晓水平的影响因素（P<0.05）；能力因素中，年人均收入、有无社区精神卫生服务资源是精神卫生知识知晓水平的影响因素（P<0.05）；需要因素中，焦虑症状和抑郁症状对精神卫生知识知晓水平无明显影响（P>0.05）。精神卫生知识获得途径以电视（50.90%）、社区精神卫生服务宣传（33.69%）、医务人员（25.90%）和书报（21.56%）为主。结论　社区居民精神卫生知识知晓水平偏低，人口学特征、社会文化等倾向性因素和社区精神卫生服务资源等能力因素影响居民精神卫生知识知晓水平，但焦虑症状和抑郁症状等需要因素并未对精神卫生知识知晓水平产生明显影响。应将精神健康宣教融入基层卫生服务工作中，关注重点人群，扩大宣教的深度和广度。

关键词: 社区精神卫生服务；精神卫生；健康知识, 态度, 实践；影响因素分析；上海