Abstract: Objective　To analyze the application of reporting guidelines on medical research reports in Chinese biomedical journals and its influencing factors in order to provide a reference for the effective use of reporting guidelines on medical research reports and improve the quality of research reports.Methods　A total of 216 editors from Chinese biomedical journals were selected though the purpose sampling method.On the basis of searching literature and consulting experts，a questionnaire was designed from October 2017 to February 2018.The main contents of the questionnaire were the basic information of journals，the basic information of editors，the application situation of reporting guidelines on medical research reports and its influencing factors.A total of 216 questionnaires were distributed and 198 valid questionnaires were returned.The effective recovery rate was 91.7%.Results　Of the 198 journals，reporting guidelines were applied in 78 journals with an adoption rate of 39.4%.And 78（39.4%） journals used CONSORT Statement；19（9.6%） journals used STROBE Statement；18（9.1%） journals used STARD Statement；and 26（13.1%） journals used PRISMA Statement.The adoption rate of reporting guidelines in journals from different databases，the adoption rate of CONSORT Statement，and the adoption rate of PRISMA Statement were statistically significant（P<0.05）.And the adoption rate in core journals was higher than that in non-core journals（P<0.016 7）.In the 78 journals using reporting guidelines，the main problems encountered were authors did not cooperate well（66.7%，52/78） and strict requirements resulted in many manuscripts being unpublished，which affected the normal publication progress（64.1%，50/78）.Among 120 journals that did not adopt the reporting guidelines，the main possible reasons were strict requirements may result in many manuscripts being unpublished，which may affect the publication progress（65.8%，79/120） and authors did not cooperate well（55.8%，67/120）.Conclusion　At present，the adoption rate of reporting guidelines in biomedical journals still needs to be improved.The adoption rate in core journals is higher than that in non-core journals.The main factors affecting the application of reporting guidelines are authors cannot cooperate well and strict requirements，which may lead to many manuscripts being unpublished，affect the publication progress.It is recommended to strengthen the training of editors and medical students to promote the application of reporting guidelines and improve the quality of medical research reports.

Key words: Medical research, Reporting guidelines, Biomedical journals, CONSORT Statement, STROBE Statement, STARD Statement, PRISMA Statement

摘要：

目的　分析医学研究报告规范在生物医学期刊中的采用情况及影响因素，以期为有效采用医学研究报告规范、提高研究报告质量提供参考。方法　采用目的抽样法，抽取我国生物医学期刊的编辑人员216例为调查对象。于2017年10月—2018年2月，在检索查阅文献、专家咨询的基础上，结合研究目的自行设计调查问卷。问卷主要内容包括：期刊的基本情况、编辑人员的基本情况、期刊对医学研究报告规范的采用情况及影响因素等。共发放问卷216份，回收有效问卷198份，问卷的有效回收率为91.7%。结果　198本期刊中，采用医学研究报告规范的期刊有78本，采用率为39.4%；采用CONSORT声明的期刊78本（39.4%），采用STROBE声明的期刊19本（9.6%），采用STARD声明的期刊18本（9.1%），采用PRISMA声明的期刊26本（13.1%）。不同数据库收录情况期刊的医学研究报告规范采用率、CONSORT声明采用率、PRISMA声明采用率比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），且核心期刊的采用率高于非核心期刊（P<0.016 7）。采用医学研究报告规范的78本期刊中，采用过程中遇到的主要问题/困惑为作者不能很好配合采用（66.7%，52/78）和要求严格、可能导致许多稿件无法发表而影响出版进度（64.1%，50/78）。在120本未采用医学研究报告规范的期刊中，未采用的主要可能原因为要求严格、可能导致许多稿件无法发表而影响出版进度（65.8%，79/120）和作者不能很好配合采用（55.8%，67/120）。结论　目前医学研究报告规范在生物医学期刊中的采用情况尚有待改善，核心期刊的采用率较非核心期刊高，影响期刊采用医学研究报告规范的主要因素为作者不能很好配合采用和要求严格可能导致很多稿件无法发表而影响出版进度。建议加强编辑人员和医学生医学研究报告规范的培训，以推动报告规范的采用，进一步提高医学研究报告的质量。

关键词: 医学研究, 报告规范, 生物医学期刊, CONSORT声明, STROBE声明, STARD声明, PRISMA声明