Page 95 - 2023-05-中国全科医学

·608· http: //www.chinagp.net E-mail: zgqkyx@chinagp.net.cn February 2023, Vol.26 No.5

张炜宗，袁红，孙金栋，等 . 新型冠状病毒感染患者院内死亡危险因素的 Meta 分析［J］. 中国全科医学，2023，
26（5）：607-620. ［www.chinagp.net］
ZHANG W Z，YUAN H，SUN J D，et al. Risk factors of in-hospital death in COVID-19 patients：a Meta-analysis［J］.
Chinese General Practice，2023，26（5）：607-620.

*
Risk Factors of In-hospital Death in COVID-19 Patients：a Meta-analysis ZHANG Weizong，YUAN Hong ，
SUN Jindong，YU Huamin，SHI Mingjuan，HU Haiqiang，HE Haiying，YE Li，ZHANG Huihui，BAI Xinghua，SHEN
Chaofeng，TU Sijia，WANG Yang，WANG Gang，ZHAO Xiaofeng，YU Tao，LI Cairong，ZHANG Zhi，ZHOU Donglai，
CAI Mengyang，NING Le
Cardiovascular Department，First People's Hospital of Linping District，Hangzhou 311100，China
*
Correspongding author：YUAN Hong，Chief physician；E-mail：yuhangyhy@yeah.net
【Abstract】 Background The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has turned into a global catastrophic public health
crisis，and the conclusion about the risk factors of hospital death in COVID-19 patients is not uniform. Objective To explore
risk factors of in-hospital death in patients with COVID-19 by a meta-analysis. Methods Case-control studies about risk factors
of in-hospital death in COVID-19 patients were searched from databases of the Cochrane Library，ScienceDirect，PubMed，
Medline，Wanfang Data，CNKI and CQVIP from inception to October 1，2021. Literature screening，data extraction and
methodological quality assessment were conducted. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.1. Meta-regression was used to
explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. Results Eighty studies were included which involving 405 157 cases〔349 923
were survivors（86.37%），and 55 234 deaths（13.63%）〕，that were rated as being of high quality by the Newcastle-Ottawa
Scale. Meta-analysis showed that being male〔OR=1.49，95%CI（1.41，1.57），P<0.001），older age〔WMD=10.44，
95%CI（9.79，11.09），P<0.001〕，dyspnoea〔OR=2.09，95%CI（1.80，2.43），P<0.001〕，fatigue〔OR=1.49，
95%CI（1.31，1.69），P<0.001〕，obesity〔OR=1.46，95%CI（1.43，1.50），P<0.001〕，smoking〔OR=1.18，95%CI
（1.14，1.23），P<0.001〕，stroke〔OR=2.26，95%CI（1.41，3.62），P<0.001〕，kidney disease〔OR=3.62，95%CI
（3.26，4.03），P<0.001〕，cardiovascular disease〔OR=2.34，95%CI（2.21，2.47），P<0.001〕，hypertension〔OR=2.23，
95%CI（2.10，2.37），P<0.001〕，diabetes〔OR=1.84，95%CI（1.74，1.94），P<0.001〕，cancer〔OR=1.86，95%CI
（1.69，2.05），P<0.001〕，pulmonary disease〔OR=2.38，95%CI（2.19，2.58），P<0.001〕，liver disease〔OR=1.65，
95%CI（1.36，2.01），P<0.001〕，elevated levels of white blood cell count〔WMD=2.03，95%CI（1.74，2.32），
P<0.001〕，neutrophil count〔WMD=1.77，95%CI（1.49，2.05），P<0.001〕，total bilirubin〔WMD=3.19，95%CI（1.96，
4.42），P<0.001〕，aspartate transaminase〔WMD=13.02，95%CI（11.70，14.34），P<0.001〕，alanine transaminase
〔WMD=2.76，95%CI（1.68，3.85），P<0.001〕，lactate dehydrogenase〔WMD=166.91，95%CI（150.17，183.64），
P<0.001〕，blood urea nitrogen〔WMD=3.11，95%CI（2.61，3.60），P<0.001〕，serum creatinine〔WMD=22.06，95%CI
（19.41，24.72），P<0.001〕，C-reactive protein〔WMD=76.45，95%CI （71.33，81.56），P<0.001〕，interleukin-6
〔WMD=28.21，95%CI（14.98，41.44），P<0.001〕，and erythrocyte sedimentation rate〔WMD=8.48，95%CI（5.79，
11.17），P<0.001〕 were associated with increased risk of in-hospital death for patients with COVID-19，while myalgia〔OR=0.73，
95%CI（0.62，0.85），P<0.001〕，cough〔OR=0.87，95%CI（0.78，0.97），P=0.013〕，vomiting〔OR=0.73，95%CI
（0.54，0.98），P=0.030〕，diarrhoea〔OR=0.79，95%CI（0.69，0.92），P=0.001〕，headache〔OR=0.55，95%CI（0.45，
0.68），P<0.001〕，asthma〔OR=0.73，95%CI（0.69，0.78），P<0.001〕，low body mass index〔WMD=-0.58，95%CI
（-1.10，-0.06），P=0.029〕，decreased lymphocyte count〔WMD=-0.36，95%CI（-0.39，-0.32），P<0.001〕，
decreased platelet count〔WMD=-38.26，95%CI（-44.37，-32.15），P<0.001〕，increased D-dimer〔WMD=0.79，95%CI（0.63，
0.95），P<0.001〕，longer prothrombin time〔WMD=0.78，95%CI（0.61，0.94），P<0.001〕，lower albumin〔WMD
=-1.88，95%CI（-2.35，-1.40），P<0.001〕，increased procalcitonin〔WMD=0.27，95%CI（0.24，0.31），
P<0.001〕，and increased cardiac troponin〔WMD=0.04，95%CI（0.03，0.04），P<0.001〕were associated with decreased
risk of in-hospital death due to COVID-19. According to the meta-regression result，the heterogeneity in gender，renal disease，
cardiovascular diseases，asthma，white blood cell count，neutrophil count，platelet count，hemoglobin，and urea nitrogen
differed siangificnatly by country（P<0.05）. Conclusion The risk of in-hospital death due to COVID-19 may be increased by
25 factors（including being male，older age，dyspnoea，fatigue，obesity，smoking，stroke，kidney disease，cardiovascular
disease，hypertension，diabetes，cancer，pulmonary disease，liver disease，elevated levels of white blood cells，neutrophil
count，total bilirubin，aspartate transaminase，alanine transaminase，lactate dehydrogenase，blood urea nitrogen，serum
creatinine，C-reactive protein，interleukin-6，and erythrocyte sedimentation rate），and may be decreased by 13 factors（including