1991—2015年中国成人高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率的变化趋势及其影响因素研究
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姚溪, 裴晓婷, 曲哲
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| 表2 1991—2015年我国不同特征成人高血压知晓率比较〔%(n/N)〕 |
| Table 2 Comparison of hypertension awareness rate among Chinese adults with different characteristics from 1991 to 2015 |
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| 基本特征 | 1991年(n=1 291) | 1993年(n=1 343) | 1997年(n=1 817) | 2000年(n=2 082) | 2004年(n=2 339) | 2006年(n=2 250) | 2009年(n=2 974) | 2011年(n=3 639) | 2015年(n=4 520) |
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| 性别 | | | | | | | | | | | | 男 | 22.26 (150/674) | 25.39 (177/697) | 20.70 (201/971) | 26.98 (289/1 071) | 31.66 (385/1 216) | 39.36 (455/1 156) | 37.74 (574/1 521) | 50.68 (930/1 835) | 45.11 (1 038/2 301) | | | 女 | 33.39 (206/617) | 30.50 (197/646) | 27.07 (229/846) | 39.37 (398/1 011) | 43.46 (488/1 123) | 48.45 (530/1 094) | 48.45 (704/1 453) | 60.48 (1 091/1 804) | 51.15 (1 135/2 219) | | | χ2值 | 19.988 | 4.341 | 10.149 | 36.069 | 34.714 | 18.854 | 34.803 | 35.348 | 16.500 | | | P值 | <0.001 | 0.037 | 0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | | 年龄(岁) | | | | | | | | | | | | 18~44① | 21.04 (69/328) | 12.36 (45/364) | 9.71 (43/443) | 15.54 (71/457) | 16.95 (70/413) | 19.47 (74/380) | 19.13 (88/460) | 29.17 (119/408) | 21.88 (107/489) | | | 45~59② | 30.20 (122/404)a | 32.92 (132/401)a | 24.62 (144/585)a | 34.56 (253/732)a | 37.86 (329/869)a | 43.47 (346/796)a | 40.05 (445/1 111)a | 53.06 (736/1 387)a | 40.73 (628/1 542)a | | | ≥60③ | 29.52 (165/559)a | 34.08 (197/578)a | 30.80 (243/789)ab | 40.65 (363/893)ab | 44.84 (474/1 057)ab | 52.61 (565/1 074)ab | 53.10 (745/1 403)ab | 63.23 (1 166/1 844)ab | 57.77 (1 438/2 489)ab | | | χ2值 | 9.469 | 59.754 | 70.297 | 87.485 | 98.949 | 125.245 | 169.289 | 162.551 | 261.559 | | | P值 | 0.009 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | | 居住地 | | | | | | | | | | | | 城镇 | 32.59 (176/540) | 34.91 (185/530) | 30.10 (220/731) | 38.77 (316/815) | 44.46 (413/929) | 55.77 (469/841) | 54.06 (559/1 034) | 66.09 (1 000/1 513) | 57.15 (967/1 692) | | | 农村 | 23.97 (180/751) | 23.25 (189/813) | 19.34 (210/1 086) | 29.28 (371/1 267) | 32.62 (460/1 410) | 36.62 (516/1 409) | 37.06 (719/1 940) | 48.02 (1 021/2 126) | 42.64 (1 206/2 828) | | | χ2值 | 11.700 | 21.703 | 27.995 | 20.208 | 33.516 | 78.430 | 79.544 | 116.876 | 89.240 | | | P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | | 文化程度 | | | | | | | | | | | | 文盲/小学① | 28.26 (269/952) | 29.03 (263/906) | 24.26 (277/1 142) | 32.85 (388/1 181) | 40.00 (534/1 335) | 45.06 (561/1 245) | 45.20 (721/1 595) | 54.09 (952/1 760) | 50.91 (448/880) | | | 初中② | 22.28 (43/193) | 20.24 (51/252)c | 18.42 (63/342) | 32.62 (137/420) | 30.74 (162/527)c | 34.84 (185/531)c | 37.13 (300/808)c | 52.53 (520/990) | 44.45 (601/1 352)c | | | 高中/中专③ | 31.13 (33/106) | 30.00 (36/120) | 24.76 (51/206) | 32.30 (94/291) | 38.79 (147/379) | 48.40 (181/374)d | 44.47 (209/470) | 60.03 (371/618)d | 47.90 (433/904) | | | 大专及以上④ | 22.58 (7/31) | 40.74 (11/27) | 35.00 (14/40) | 32.53 (27/83) | 31.52 (29/92) | 58.06 (54/93)d | 48.94 (46/94) | 65.79 (175/266)cd | 49.08 (187/381) | | | χ2值 | 3.991 | 10.422 | 8.408 | 0.036 | 15.511 | 29.024 | 16.289 | 21.507 | 9.573 | | | P值 | 0.262 | 0.015 | 0.038 | 0.998 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.023 | | 婚姻状态 | | | | | | | | | | | | 未婚① | 8.51 (4/47) | 7.81 (5/64) | 12.12 (12/99) | 25.64 (30/117) | 18.18 (16/88) | 18.42 (7/38) | 8.16 (4/49) | 18.00 (9/50) | 18.97 (11/58) | | | 已婚② | 28.05 (292/1 041)a | 29.63 (315/1 063)a | 23.65 (337/1 425)a | 32.94 (531/1 612) | 36.95 (694/1 878)a | 42.83 (806/1 882)a | 42.02 (1 035/2 463)a | 54.96 (1 657/3 015)a | 46.93 (1 821/3 880)a | | | 离异/丧偶/分居③ | 29.56 (60/203)a | 25.12 (52/207)a | 28.06 (78/278)a | 36.86 (94/255) | 44.35 (161/363)ab | 52.63 (170/323)ab | 51.88 (234/451)ab | 61.80 (351/568)ab | 58.77 (335/570)ab | | | χ2值 | 9.070 | 15.224 | 10.262 | 4.588 | 21.537 | 20.899 | 39.755 | 37.946 | 47.843 | | | P值 | 0.011 | <0.001 | 0.006 | 0.101 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | | 体型 | | | | | | | | | | | | 消瘦① | 18.06 (13/72) | 22.95 (14/61) | 11.27 (8/71) | 27.59 (16/58) | 22.08 (17/77) | 40.32 (25/62) | 32.31 (21/65) | 54.55 (30/55) | 34.43 (21/61) | | | 正常② | 22.13 (160/723) | 21.05 (161/765) | 16.90 (155/917) | 26.23 (246/938) | 31.12 (305/980) | 35.91 (339/944) | 38.25 (480/1 255) | 49.93 (668/1 338) | 41.47 (620/1 495) | | | 超重③ | 32.87 (117/356)d | 34.07 (123/361)d | 24.59 (134/545)d | 36.34 (266/732)d | 38.03 (316/831)cd | 45.17 (351/777)d | 44.65 (480/1 075)d | 57.91 (849/1 466)d | 46.91 (850/1 812)d | | | 肥胖④ | 47.93 (58/121)cde | 54.03 (67/124)cde | 35.32 (77/218)cde | 44.44 (144/324)d | 48.40 (182/376)cde | 54.45 (208/382)de | 47.70 (238/499)d | 59.05 (437/740)d | 51.97 (489/941)cd | | | χ2值 | 44.288 | 67.626 | 43.826 | 43.230 | 43.027 | 41.438 | 19.476 | 23.855 | 29.719 | | | P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | | 中心性肥胖 | | | | | | | | | | | | 否 | 27.58 (356/1 291) | 23.06 (223/967) | 20.82 (254/1 220) | 28.03 (342/1 220) | 33.11 (449/1 356) | 38.31 (480/1 253) | 39.95 (608/1 522) | 51.43 (866/1 684) | 45.16 (943/2 088) | | | 是 | - | 40.16 (151/376) | 29.48 (176/597) | 40.02 (345/862) | 43.13 (424/983) | 50.65 (505/997) | 46.14 (670/1 452) | 59.08 (1 155/1 955) | 50.58 (1 230/2 432) | | | χ2值 | - | 39.393 | 16.645 | 32.846 | 24.464 | 34.372 | 11.640 | 21.464 | 13.186 | | | P值 | - | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | | 吸烟情况 | | | | | | | | | | | | 否① | 31.74 (253/797) | 30.29 (252/832) | 27.50 (324/1 178) | 37.53 (504/1 343) | 40.08 (606/1 512) | 45.63 (669/1 466) | 45.25 (896/1 980) | 58.30 (1 398/2 398) | 48.80 (1 544/3 164) | | | 戒烟② | 16.67 (8/48)a | 31.25 (10/32) | 32.35 (11/34)a | 39.29 (22/56)a | 43.92 (65/148)a | 57.58 (95/165)a | 50.61 (83/164)a | 68.70 (158/230)a | 58.93 (132/224)a | | | 现在吸烟③ | 21.14 (93/440)b | 23.36 (107/458)b | 16.02 (95/593)b | 23.35 (156/668)b | 29.88 (202/676)b | 35.66 (220/617)ab | 35.95 (298/829)b | 45.99 (464/1 009)ab | 41.79 (453/1 084)ab | | | χ2值 | 18.940 | 7.224 | 30.054 | 41.573 | 23.650 | 31.351 | 24.803 | 60.808 | 28.021 | | | P值 | <0.001 | 0.027 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | | 饮酒情况 | | | | | | | | | | | | 否 | 30.12 (228/757) | 30.82 (253/821) | 26.87 (298/1 109) | 36.22 (452/1 248) | 41.73 (636/1 524) | 48.65 (720/1 480) | 47.12 (940/1 995) | 58.51 (1 399/2 391) | 49.83 (1 567/3 145) | | | 是 | 24.00 (126/525) | 23.20 (116/500) | 18.22 (123/675) | 28.08 (219/780) | 29.22 (237/811) | 34.42 (265/770) | 34.53 (338/979) | 49.84 (622/1 248) | 42.45 (565/1 331) | | | χ2值 | 5.807 | 8.954 | 17.409 | 14.369 | 35.382 | 41.687 | 42.496 | 24.969 | 20.397 | | | P值 | 0.016 | 0.003 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | | 每天睡眠时长(h) | | | | | | | | | | | | <7① | - | - | - | - | 40.07 (117/292) | 46.71 (135/289) | 47.11 (204/433) | 63.04 (382/606) | 55.93 (368/658) | | | 7~9② | - | - | - | - | 35.51 (452/1 273) | 41.52 (526/1 267) | 39.80 (724/1 819)a | 53.30 (1 202/2 255)a | 45.18 (1 302/2 882)a | | | ≥9③ | - | - | - | - | 39.14 (301/769) | 46.69 (324/694) | 48.95 (348/711)b | 56.17 (437/778)a | 47.74 (422/884)a | | | χ2值 | - | - | - | - | 3.823 | 6.031 | 20.819 | 18.482 | 24.926 | | | P值 | - | - | - | - | 0.148 | 0.049 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | | 对膳食指南的了解状况 | | | | | | | | | | 不了解 | - | - | - | - | 37.39 (796/2 129) | 43.00 (860/2 000) | 42.32 (1 094/2 585) | 52.25 (1 428/2 733) | 46.31 (1 574/3 399) | | | 了解 | - | - | - | - | 40.00 (66/165) | 50.21 (119/237) | 47.71 (177/371) | 65.63 (588/896) | 51.80 (560/1 081) | | | χ2值 | - | - | - | - | 0.445 | 4.477 | 3.843 | 48.885 | 9.932 | | | P值 | - | - | - | - | 0.559 | 0.034 | 0.049 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
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