严重精神障碍患者家庭照护者社会支持现状及影响因素分析
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王若溪, 宋素怡, 周勇杰, 刘熠锋
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表1 不同特征严重精神障碍患者家庭照护者的社会支持总得分及各维度得分比较( ±s,分) |
Table 1 Comparison of the total score and domain scores of the Social Support Rating Scale among family caregivers of persons with severe mental illness by sociodemographic characteristics |
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项目 | 例(户)数 | 社会支持总得分 | 主观社会支持得分 | 客观社会支持得分 | 社会支持利用得分 |
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得分 | t(F)值 | P值 | 得分 | t(F)值 | P值 | 得分 | t(F)值 | P值 | 得分 | t(F)值 | P值 |
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照护者个体因素 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 性别 | | | 2.680 | 0.007 | | 3.706 | <0.001 | | 1.770 | 0.077 | | -1.478 | 0.140 | | | 男 | 484 | 35.2±9.2 | | | 21.0±6.1 | | | 7.7±3.1 | | | 6.5±2.3 | | | | | 女 | 517 | 33.6±9.0 | | | 19.6±6.2 | | | 7.4±2.6 | | | 6.7±2.4 | | | | 年龄(岁)a | | | 42.748b | <0.001 | | 47.303b | <0.001 | | 10.884b | <0.001 | | 11.610b | <0.001 | | | <40 | 342 | 37.0±8.0 | | | 21.9±5.8 | | | 8.0±2.8 | | | 7.1±2.2 | | | | | 40~50 | 264 | 35.6±9.2 | | | 21.4±6.3 | | | 7.6±3.0 | | | 6.6±2.4 | | | | | >50 | 391 | 31.2±9.1 | | | 18.0±5.9 | | | 7.0±2.7 | | | 6.2±2.4 | | | | 受教育程度a | | | 26.199b | <0.001 | | 21.864b | <0.001 | | 11.257b | <0.001 | | 11.335b | <0.001 | | | 初中及以下 | 418 | 32.1±8.9 | | | 18.8±6.0 | | | 7.1±2.6 | | | 6.2±2.4 | | | | | 中专/高中 | 211 | 34.9±9.3 | | | 20.7±6.5 | | | 7.5±2.7 | | | 6.7±2.3 | | | | | 大专及以上 | 361 | 36.7±8.6 | | | 21.7±5.9 | | | 8.0±3.1 | | | 7.0±2.2 | | | | 婚姻状况 | | | -1.560 | 0.119 | | -2.177 | 0.030 | | -1.254 | 0.210 | | 1.192 | 0.234 | | | 无配偶 | 190 | 33.5±9.3 | | | 19.4±6.5 | | | 7.3±2.5 | | | 6.8±2.3 | | | | | 有配偶 | 811 | 34.6±9.1 | | | 20.5±6.1 | | | 7.6±2.9 | | | 6.6±2.4 | | | | 职业类别a | | | 27.832b | <0.001 | | 26.789b | <0.001 | | 10.394b | <0.001 | | 10.819b | <0.001 | | | 未就业 | 402 | 31.6±9.2 | | | 18.4±6.3 | | | 7.1±2.6 | | | 6.2±2.4 | | | | | 自雇 | 158 | 35.6±9.3 | | | 21.6±6.1 | | | 7.5±2.9 | | | 6.5±2.4 | | | | | 工人或其他非专业技术人员 | 219 | 34.8±8.4 | | | 20.5±5.9 | | | 7.4±2.6 | | | 6.8±2.3 | | | | | 专业技术人员 | 219 | 38.2±8.1 | | | 22.5±5.4 | | | 8.4±3.2 | | | 7.3±2.2 | | | | 居住地a | | | 1.000 | 0.318 | | 2.939 | 0.003 | | -0.941 | 0.347 | | -2.769 | 0.006 | | | 农村 | 439 | 34.7±8.6 | | | 20.9±6.1 | | | 7.4±2.7 | | | 6.4±2.2 | | | | | 城市 | 478 | 34.1±9.5 | | | 19.7±6.3 | | | 7.6±3.0 | | | 6.8±2.4 | | | | 宗教信仰 | | | -4.014 | <0.001 | | -4.906 | <0.001 | | -0.155 | 0.877 | | -2.478 | 0.013 | | | 无 | 759 | 33.7±9.2 | | | 19.7±6.2 | | | 7.5±2.9 | | | 6.5±2.3 | | | | | 有 | 242 | 36.4±8.5 | | | 21.9±6.0 | | | 7.5±2.6 | | | 6.9±2.3 | | | 患者因素 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 性别 | | | -1.315 | 0.189 | | -1.233 | 0.218 | | -0.093 | 0.926 | | -1.739 | 0.082 | | | 男 | 472 | 34.0±9.2 | | | 20.0±6.2 | | | 7.5±2.9 | | | 6.5±2.3 | | | | | 女 | 529 | 34.7±9.1 | | | 20.5±6.2 | | | 7.5±2.8 | | | 6.7±2.4 | | | | 年龄(岁)a | | | 3.138b | 0.044 | | 3.872b | 0.021 | | 0.006b | 0.994 | | 3.638b | 0.027 | | | <30 | 353 | 34.2±8.8 | | | 20.3±6.2 | | | 7.5±2.7 | | | 6.5±2.4 | | | | | 30~40 | 321 | 33.5±9.1 | | | 19.5±6.0 | | | 7.5±2.9 | | | 6.5±2.4 | | | | | >40 | 314 | 35.3±9.6 | | | 20.9±6.4 | | | 7.5±2.9 | | | 6.9±2.3 | | | | 受教育程度 | | | 3.832b | 0.022 | | 4.331b | 0.013 | | 1.902b | 0.150 | | 0.665b | 0.514 | | | 初中及以下 | 402 | 34.5±9.4 | | | 20.5±6.4 | | | 7.4±2.8 | | | 6.6±2.4 | | | | | 中专/高中 | 261 | 33.2±8.8 | | | 19.3±6.0 | | | 7.3±2.5 | | | 6.5±2.4 | | | | | 大专及以上 | 338 | 35.2±9.0 | | | 20.8±6.1 | | | 7.7±3.1 | | | 6.7±2.2 | | | | 就业状态a | | | -6.440 | <0.001 | | -6.267 | <0.001 | | -3.808 | <0.001 | | -3.642 | <0.001 | | | 否 | 456 | 32.1±9.2 | | | 18.8±6.1 | | | 7.1±2.7 | | | 6.3±2.4 | | | | | 是 | 469 | 35.9±8.6 | | | 21.3±6.1 | | | 7.8±2.9 | | | 6.8±2.3 | | | | 所患精神疾病种类 | | | 27.201b | <0.001 | | 24.606b | <0.001 | | 9.991b | <0.001 | | 11.136b | <0.001 | | | 精神分裂症 | 570 | 32.6±9.1 | | | 19.1±6.2 | | | 7.2±2.6 | | | 6.3±2.4 | | | | | 双相情感障碍 | 261 | 36.1±8.4 | | | 21.5±6.0 | | | 7.7±2.8 | | | 6.9±2.2 | | | | | 其他 | 170 | 37.7±8.9 | | | 22.2±5.8 | | | 8.2±3.4 | | | 7.2±2.2 | | | | 精神症状稳定程度 | | | 33.151b | <0.001 | | 23.010b | <0.001 | | 19.172b | <0.001 | | 20.498b | <0.001 | | | 不稳定 | 155 | 29.2±8.5 | | | 17.2±6.2 | | | 6.4±1.9 | | | 5.6±2.4 | | | | | 一般 | 580 | 35.0±8.6 | | | 20.7±5.9 | | | 7.5±2.7 | | | 6.7±2.3 | | | | | 稳定 | 266 | 36.1±9.6 | | | 21.0±6.5 | | | 8.1±3.3 | | | 7.0±2.3 | | | | 患病年限(年)a | | | 23.084b | <0.001 | | 26.674b | <0.001 | | 6.721b | 0.001 | | 3.862b | 0.021 | | | ≤5 | 429 | 36.1±8.4 | | | 21.5±5.9 | | | 7.8±2.8 | | | 6.8±2.3 | | | | | 6~10 | 182 | 34.9±9.2 | | | 20.7±6.2 | | | 7.5±2.7 | | | 6.7±2.3 | | | | | >10 | 373 | 31.9±9.4 | | | 18.4±6.1 | | | 7.1±2.8 | | | 6.3±2.4 | | | 家庭因素 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 照护者与患者的关系 | | | 22.909b | <0.001 | | 23.410b | <0.001 | | 4.439b | 0.004 | | 10.631b | <0.001 | | | 父母 | 438 | 31.8±9.2 | | | 18.5±6.1 | | | 7.2±2.9 | | | 6.2±2.4 | | | | | 配偶 | 225 | 35.8±8.5 | | | 21.2±5.7 | | | 7.8±2.7 | | | 6.8±2.2 | | | | | 子女 | 98 | 38.1±8.9 | | | 22.6±6.2 | | | 8.1±3.0 | | | 7.4±2.2 | | | | | 其他 | 240 | 36.1±8.4 | | | 21.6±6.0 | | | 7.6±2.7 | | | 6.9±2.3 | | | | 家庭人均月收入(元/月)a | | | 24.329b | <0.001 | | 18.073b | <0.001 | | 11.233b | <0.001 | | 14.039b | <0.001 | | | ≤1 000 | 251 | 31.1±9.5 | | | 18.3±6.5 | | | 6.9±2.6 | | | 5.9±2.5 | | | | | 1 001~1 778 | 246 | 33.4±9.1 | | | 19.7±6.2 | | | 7.2±2.6 | | | 6.5±2.4 | | | | | 1 779~3 000 | 251 | 35.5±8.4 | | | 20.9±6.0 | | | 7.7±2.6 | | | 6.9±2.3 | | | | | >3 000 | 245 | 37.6±8.3 | | | 22.1±5.6 | | | 8.3±3.2 | | | 7.2±2.0 | | | | 获补助数量(种) | | | 25.915b | <0.001 | | 34.452b | <0.001 | | 0.925b | 0.397 | | 14.622b | <0.001 | | | 0 | 508 | 35.7±8.4 | | | 21.3±5.8 | | | 7.5±2.5 | | | 6.9±2.3 | | | | | 1 | 328 | 34.5±8.9 | | | 20.3±6.1 | | | 7.7±3.1 | | | 6.5±2.3 | | | | | ≥2 | 165 | 30.0±10.3 | | | 16.9±6.5 | | | 7.3±3.1 | | | 5.8±2.4 | | |
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